CAD
Primary cause of CAD
What is atherosclerosis?
The most common cause of HF
What is hypertension?
The most common dysrhythmia
What is atrial fibrillation?
Complication of infective endocarditis
What is embolization or HF?
(stroke, PE, splenic infarct, Janeway lesions, Osler nodes)
Imaging test to confirm diagnosis of cardiomyopathy
Lifestyle changes to prevent CAD
What are quit smoking, exercise, healthy diet, manage HTN/diabetes?
Key symptom of left sided HF
What is pulmonary congestion?
(crackles, dyspnea, orthopnea)
Medications used to control HR in atrial fibrillation and tachycardia
What are beta blockers or calcium channel blockers?
Treatment for pericardial effusion causing cardiac tamponade
What is a pericardiocentesis?
Type of cardiomyopathy often caused by alcohol use
What is dilated cardiomyopathy?
Surgical procedure to treat severe cases of CAD, when a blocked artery cannot be stented during angioplasty
What is a coronary artery bypass graft surgery?
Laboratory test to confirm HF
What is the Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)?
First intervention for confirmed asystole
What is CPR and epinephrine?
Diagnostic criteria for acute pericarditis
What are pericardial chest pain, pericardial friction rub, new ST elevation in all ECG leads, pericardial effusion?
Primary cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
What is a genetic mutation?
What is fibrinolytic therapy?
First line medication for HFrEF
What are ACE inhibitors? (lisinopril, enalapril)
Decrease afterload
Treatment for unstable ventricular tachycardia
What is a synchronized cardioversion?
Causes of infective endocarditis
What are oral surgery, IV drug use, open wounds, GI infection, PIV placement?
Reason restrictive cardiomyopathy leads to diastolic heart failure
What is poor ventricular filling due to fibrosis?
Following an MI, this reduces the risk of clot formation and prevents further ischemic events
What is an antiplatelet medication?
(aspirin)
Treatment for HF caused by severe aortic valve stenosis
What is a TAVR or aortic valve replacement?
Cardiac cell property that allows them to generate an impulse
What is automaticity?
Signs of cardiac tamponade
What are JVD, paradoxical pulse (pulsus paradoxus), tachycardia, hypotension, muffled heart sounds?
This is implanted in patients with severe dilated cardiomyopathy to prevent sudden cardiac death
What is an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)?