Vocab 1
What is an example of mimicry?
change in organisms over time in response to changes in the environment
evolution
What does natural selection lead to?
Evolution
Species that show similarities in early development or in bone structures have a
common ancestor
When an organism blends into its environment
camouflage
Species that are not alive anymore.
When an organism is better suited for its environment it is more likely to
survive and reproduce
Explain what natural selection is:
Those better adapted individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce, and often times their offspring inherit their helpful characteristics. Survival of the fittest.
A record that shows changes over time in life on Earth.
Fossil Record
Purposely breeding lizards that are a best seller in the store is an example of
Artificial Selection
The pads on the paws of a polar bear are covered with small, soft bumps which provide traction on ice.
What is an example of an Adaptation?
the animal that gave Darwin the idea that animals change over time due to changes in the environment
finch
What decides if mutations are good or bad?
the environment
This can form when a group of individuals remain isolated from the rest of its species long enough to evolve different traits that prevent reproduction
a new species can form
A polar bear moves slowly to prevent overheating and rests often.
What is an example of a Behavioral Adaptation?
When a community become isolated from the rest of its species for a long time, this may happen:
A new species may form
The wings of a bird and the leg of a lizard both have fingers, one upper arm bone and two lower arm bones. This is an example of
homologous structures
Pelvic bones in whales, tailbones in humans, and other body parts that seem not to have a function
What are vestigial structures?
Difference in color within the same species is an example of
variations
Humans breeding dogs for certain traits
What is an example of selective breeding?
It is true or false that a marathon runner will pass her increased lung capacity on to her offspring.
False. Only genes are passed, the increased capacity is the result of a behavioral change, not genetic.
Variation - Inheritance - Differential Survival and Reproduction - Adaptation
What is something to memorize to help you remember all the parts of NATURAL SELECTION? (VIDA)
Provide three causes of extinction.
Climate change, competition and diseases.