Types of Changes
This type of change is a written modification signed by Owner, Architect, and Contractor and adjusts cost or time.
What is a Change Order?
These common owner-initiated revisions—such as aesthetic or layout adjustments—account for roughly 25–30% of all change orders.
What are Owner Directed Changes?
A Change Directive is signed by these two parties before a contractor agrees.
Who are the Owner and Architect.
Change Orders are often considered this, because only one contractor provides the pricing.
What is Uncompetitive?
Disputes over change order pricing or scope often end up processed under this A201 Article.
What is Article 15 – Claims and Disputes?
This written instrument is prepared by the Architect and Owner and allows changes before agreement on cost or time by the Contractor.
What is a Change Directive?
These make up the largest category of change orders (40–45%) and include inconsistencies, errors, and missing details.
What are Errors and Omissions in the Contract Documents?
Under A201 §7.3.5, the contractor must do this immediately upon receiving a Change Directive.
What is proceed promptly with the change?
Change orders are often considered this, because only one contractor provides the pricing.
What is the Net Amount?
Article 7 Changes aims to maintain this on the project—even when price/time impacts remain unresolved.
What is Job Progress?
This type of change can be issued by the Architect alone and cannot alter cost or time.
What is a Minor Change?
These conditions, not reasonably inferable from documents (like unknown asbestos or bad soils), account for about 30% of change orders and are often the costliest.
What are Differing Site Conditions?
If the Contractor disagrees on price or time and no agreement is reached, this entity determines the adjustment.
Who is the Architect?
These cost items are used in deriving the Full Cost of a Change.
What are Material, Labor, Freight, Taxes, Permits, Equipment, Insurance, Bonding, Software Licenses, overhead and profit.
Put in order the chain of approvals for Changes.
What is Contractor to Architect to Owner.
This term refers to a change so substantial that it exceeds the scope of the contract and constitutes a breach.
What is a Cardinal Change
These changes adjust time due to significant events beyond the contractor’s control, addressed under A201 §8.3.1.
What are Time-Related Changes?
The Architect uses this document to determine if the costs of a Change Directive are reasonable.
What is the Schedule of Values.
Overhead and profit percentages for subcontractor-performed change work are commonly defined here.
What are the General or Supplemental Conditions?
Which party to a construction project tends to be the primary beneficiary of change orders?
What are subcontractors?
What are the three elements that are included in a Change Order?
What are Time, Scope, and Price?
These changes occur when scopes of work prepared during bidding omit or duplicate required work.
What are Scope-Related Changes?
When signed by the contractor, a Change Directive instantly becomes this type of document.
What is a Change Order?
Changes that either increase or reduce scope items are known as...
What are Additive or Deductive Changes
What is the primary source of disputes over changes?
What is Money?