Key Terms
Which two species of coral was used for this study.
A) Balanophyllia europaea
B) Acropora cervicornis
C) Dendrogyra cylindrus
D) Cladocora caespitora
A) Balanophyllia europaea
D) Cladocora caespitora
Where did this research mainly take place?
Volcanic vents off Ischia, gulf of Naples, Italy
True or False:
There was an increase in protein and chlorophyll in B. europaea.
False
Name the main author of the research and one other author.
Dr. Ross Cunning and any of the following:
Dalit Meron, Riccardo Rodolfo-Metalpa, Andrew C. Baker, Maoz Fine, and Ehud Banin
Ocean acidification is caused by....
...the increase/rise in atmospheric CO2.
How long did the study take after transplanting?
7 months
Coral holobionts may exhibit ______ to gradual pH decline.
A) stress
B) resilience
C) bleaching
D) growth
B) resilience
What are microorganisms that can be found in coral communities? (Keyword: microorganisms)
Bacteria, Viruses, Archaea, Fungi, Endolithic autotrophs, dinoflagellates
What does holobiont mean?
A host organism with a collection of microorganisms that live in or on it to form an ecological unit.
How many pH sites were used, excluding the control?
3 pH sites
Lab studies showed _______ compared to field studies.
A) strong microbial shifts
B) stable communities
C) no conclusive results
A) strong microbial shifts
What does ETR stand for?
Electron Transport Rate
The theory that environmental factors affect symbiotic organisms in a holobiont.
Probiotic Hypothesis
List two methods/ measurement systems used.
Carbonate Chemistry
Chlorophyll fluorometry
Protein assays
Symbiodinium DGGE
16S rRNA sequencing
True or False:
pH did NOT significantly alter overall bacterial community structure.
True
What was the predicted decrease in the surface ocean pH by 2100?
0.2 - 0.4 pH units
A Symbiodinium is......
...a genus of dinoflagellates.
State the average pH for ALL sites (including the control).
8.1, 7.8, 7.5, & 7.3
Which Symbiodinium clade dominated C. caespitosa?
Symbiodinium clade B2
Name the three pathogens mentioned.
Vibrionaceae
Alteromonadaceae
Rhodobacteraceae