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A substance made up of only one type of matter is called ___________________.
an element
100
The smallest particles of an element are called _________, the building blocks of an element.
atoms
100
A change that begins and ends with the same type of matter is called ____________.
a physical change
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A change in matter, which starts with one kind of matter and ends with another type of matter is called _______.
a chemical change
100
The change of a liquid to a gas is called _______.
evaporation
200
Combining two or more elements chemically is called a ____.
compound
200
All known elements are classified by their _______.
properties
200
A mixture that is completely blended is called _______.
a solution
200
Two or more types of matter that are mixed together but keep their own properties is called _____.
a mixture
200
What are 3 ways a mixture can be separated?
pick out different pieces, a filter, evaporation magnetic attraction, buoyancy
300
What are some common compounds and what are they made of? (Name 2)
water (hydrogen + oxygen) salt (sodium + chlorine) sugar (carbon + oxygen + hdrogen) rush ( oxygen + iron)
300
A mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal is called __________.
an alloy
300
Why are alloys used in making many products?
Alloys are stronger and more flexible than a single metal.
300
What are 3 different kinds of physical change?
1. a change in size or shape 2. a change in position or texture 3. a change in state
300
What causes matter to change from one state to another?
heat energy is added or heat energy is removed
400
What is one way a chemical change can be harmful?
Rust can weaken a bridge. Acid rain can destroy buildings.
400
What are two things that show that a chemical change has taken place?
A new matter with different properties is formed. Most chemical changes give off electricity, heat, or light.
400
How can cold weather cause physical changes?
Periods of cold weather causes water in cracks to freeze and expand; then it melts and contracts, causing cracks to get bigger.
400
Explain what happens when heat is added to ice.
Heat causes particles to move more quickly and move apart until they become a liquid.
400
What are two possible products of chemical changes?
A new compound if made. A compound is broken down.
500
How does the Statue of Liberty turn greenish in color?
The copper statue reacts to a vapor in the air (such as acid rain which is similar to vinegar), forming copper acetate.
500
Is the tarnish on a silver tray an example of a physical or a chemical change? explain
Tarnish is a chemical change, because it is a black substance that is not the same as the silver.
500
An artist carves a statue from a slab of marble. Is this a physical or a chemical change? explain
It is a physical change because the marble changes size and shape, but it is still marble.
500
Why does warm water boil faster than cold water?
Warm water has more heat energy, causing particles to move faster, so it boils quicker.
500
What are some ways that elements were named?
1. for the Latin or Greek names 2. named to honor scientists