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PREGNANCY AND THE ENDOCRINE PLACENTA
CHANGES DURING NORMAL PREGNANCY
FIRST TRIMESTER
SECOND TRIMESTER
THIRD TRIMESTER
100
On approximately what day does conception occur?
What is the 14th day.
100
The EED (expected date of delivery) is 280 days from the first day of the LMP(last menstrual period) can be calculated by this rule: Determine the first day of the last normal menstrual period. Using the first day of the LMP add 7 days and subtract 3 months resulting in the EED.
What is Nagele's rule
100
This becomes positive after implantation when it is first detectable in maternal serum at approximately 8-11 days after conception.
What is Serum hCG.
100
The darkening of the midline of the abdominal skin is called this.
What is the linea nigra
100
In the third trimester this peaks at 45% greater than the pre-pregnancy level and plateaus thereafter.
What is blood volume.
200
Fertilization occurs here in this area of the woman's body
What are the fallopian tubes.
200
The amount of this is a result from a baby, amniotic fluid, placenta, increased blood volume, increased extravascular fluid, maternal fat stores and increased breast size.
What is weight gained
200
In the 7th gestational week blood pressure begins to drop until mid-pregnancy as a result of this.
What is falling peripheral vascular resistance.
200
This precursor of milk, which is yellow in color, contains more minerals and protein but less sugar and fat than mature milk and contains antibodies that will protect the newborn during the first few days of life may be expressed from the nipples during this trimester.
What is Colostrum.
200
This causes the diaphragm to rise and the shape of the ribcage to widen at the base.
What is Uterine enlargement.
300
What maintains the endometrium around the fetus, increases the alveoli in the breasts, and keeps the uterus in a quiescent state?
What is Progesterone.
300
There are three types of signs and symptoms that are used to diagnose pregnancy. Presumptive signs: amenorrhea, breast tenderness, nausea, fatigue and increased urinary frequency. Probable signs: are detected by the examiner such as enlarged uterus. And this last sign which is characterized by direct evidence of the fetus such as auscultation of FHT fetal heart tone, or positive cardiac activity on ultrasound.
What are the Positive signs.
300
Goodell's sign and Chadwick's sign are characterized by this
What are increased vascularity congestion and edema that causes the cervix to soften and become bluish purple.
300
Progesterone acting on the gallbladder can cause the stasis of bile which together with the increased cholesterol saturation of pregnancy predisposes some women to these.
What are gallstones.
300
Two weeks before going into labor symptoms of this include a lower appearing and smaller measuring fundus, urinary frequency, increased vaginal secretions from increased pelvic congestion and increased lung capacity.
What is engagement where the fetal head moves down into the pelvis.
400
What stimulates the duct formation in the breast, increases the weight of the uterus, and increases certain receptors in the uterus that are important at birth?
What is Estrogen.
400
What is the specialized layer of cells around the blastocyte?
What is the placenta.
400
At the end of 9 wks this period ends and the fetal period begins.
What is embryonic period.
400
This increases the risk of intrauterine fetal death, preeclampsia, low birth weight, spontaneous miscarriage, and abruptio placentae.
What is maternal hypothyroidism.
400
Edema of the lower extremities may occur as a result of these two factors.
What are the enlarging fetus impeding venous return and lower colloid osmotic pressure.
500
Final Jeopardy: The average length of pregnancy is 280 days from the last menstrual period (LMP), which is equal to 40 wks, 10 lunar months or:
What is 9 calender months.