W.E.D.
What is the definition of weathering?
Breaking down Earth's Crust into sediment (small pieces)
What is the definition of Erosion?
The process of taking/ moving sediment or weathered Earth.
What is sediment?
Small pieces of Earth's material that have been broken down
What is a fossil?
preserved remains or traces of once living things
What is the definition of natural resources.
Anything on or from Earth that we use or find valuable.
What is the definition of Deposition?
The dropping off or deposition of eroded materials.
List 5 different landforms.
Answers may vary, could include... valley, canyon, delta, sand dunes, sea caves, cliffs, arches, mesas, oceans, rivers, etc.
What is sedimentary rock?
Formed when sediment is deposited, compacted, and cemented together forming rocks.
Where are most fossils found?
In sedimentary rock
What is the difference between renewable resources & nonrenewable resources?
Nonrenewable resources- cannot make in a short amount of time. We will run out one day.
Renewable resources- Can make in a short amount of time. We won't run out.
What type of valleys do glaciers make?
What type of valleys do rivers make?
Glaciers - U shaped valleys
Rivers- V shaped valleys
Natural disasters are rapid changes and W.E.D. are slow gradual changes.
What does compaction and cementation mean?
Compaction means to push down or squish together.
Cementation means to blue or bind together.
What is a fossil fuel?
Fuels that were formed from the remains of dead plants and animals.
What does it mean for a soil type to have high permeability and and a low retention level?
What does it mean for a soil type to have low permeability and a high retention level?
1. The soil does not absorb or hold in a lot of water.
2. The soil does absorb or hold in a lot of water.
Explain how ice wedging works.
Ice wedging is water seeping into cracks in rocks then freezing when the temperature drops. When the water freezes into ice, it expands and takes up more space causing the rock to crack more. Then the ice melts and is liquid when temperatures rise and then it will freeze again when the temperatures drop. This process will happen over and over again until rock breaks off.
Explain how a canyon is formed.
A canyon is formed by water erosion from rivers. The river carves the ground beneath it deeper and wider and takes the sediment elsewhere.
How do you know what the oldest layer of sediment is?
How do you know what the youngest layer of sediment is?
The oldest is on the bottom and the youngest is on the top.
Explain how coal is made.
Coal is made when dead plants are buried with layers of sediment. The the pressure and heat over millions of years turns it to coal.
Heat+ Pressure + time= fossil fuels
List 2 alternative forms of energy and briefly explain how they work.
Solar- converts light energy from the sun into usable energy
Geothermal- converts heat/thermal energy from beneath the earth into usable energy
Wind- converts mechanical energy from the movement of wind turbines into usable energy
Hydroelectric- Converts mechanical energy from the movement of water in hydroelectric turbines into usable energy.
Biofuel- Converts thermal energy from burning plants, algae, and animal waste into usable energy.
Explain how a delta is created?
A delta is created through the process of deposition. At the end of a river, where it meets the ocean, the current will slow and that will cause sediment to drop. When it drops off, it creates the fan like branches of a delta.
Explain how a sand dune is formed.
Sand dunes are formed from wind deposition. They are the build of up sand that is dropped off by slowing wind currents.
Explain the steps in the creation of sedimentary rocks.
(Hint: there are 5 steps)
1. Weathering
2. Erosion
3. Deposition
4. Compaction
5. Cementation
Explain how natural gas and oil are made.
pressure+ heat + time = fossil fuels
List 3 non renewable resources and 3 renewable resources.
answers may vary can include
1. Oil, coal, natural gas, fossils, minerals.
2. Trees, animals, water, plants, humans, soil , etc.