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Vocabulary
Earth
Plates
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
100
The thin outer layer of Earth, including dry land and the ocean floor.
Crust
100
Which part of Earth consists of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle?
Lithosphere
100
The theory that the lithosphere is divided into plates that are always moving is called.....
Plate Tectonics
100
Which instrument is used to detect earthquakes?
Seismograph
100
A volcano is formed when ___________ is pushed to the surface and builds up.
Magma
200
The process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces.
Weathering
200
What is made up of part of the mantle below the lithosphere?
Asthenosphere
200
The mid-ocean ridge is a chain of mountains beneath the ocean formed by what type of boundary?
Divergent boundary
200
What is the name of a scale that uses the size of waves recorded on a seismograph to determine how strong an earthquake is?
Richter Scale
200
The pacific plate moved over a __________, and magma erupted and formed the Hawaiian Volcanoes.
Hot Spot
300
The process that takes place along the mid-ocean ridge, in which liquid rock rises and becomes solid as two tectonic plates move farther apart.
Sea-floor spreading
300
Water, wind, and gravity are all types of what?
Erosion
300
What allows the large, stiff plates of the lithosphere to move?
The mantle's ability to flow.
300
What is the result of energy being released as rocks in a fault slide past one another?
Earthquake
300
These volcanoes are broad, slightly dome-shaped.
Shield Volcano
400
The point inside the earth where an earthquake begins.
Focus
400
What leaves a broad u-shape as it moves out of a valley?
Glacier
400
Scientists have concluded that all the continents once formed a single supercontinent called.....
Pangea
400
During an earthquake why do P and S waves arrive at detection point at different times?
They travel at different speeds.
400
Name the three types of volcanoes.
Shield Cinder Cone Composite
500
A break in Earth's crust where rock on one side moves in relation to rock on the other side.
Fault
500
List the Earth's layers from innermost to outermost.
Inner core Outer core Mantle Crust
500
What type of boundary does the plates move togeher?
Convergent Boundary
500
Name the three types of waves released by an earthquake.
P wave S wave Surface wave
500
What type of volcano is formed by violent volcanic eruptions?
Cinder cone