Industrialists & Business
He dominated the steel industry using vertical integration and became a famous philanthropist
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
Secret society of workers that grew into a national labor union open to ALMOST all workers
Who are the Knights of Labor?
1882 law that banned Chinese immigration for decades
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
Farmers' organization that pushed for warehouses to store crops and political reform
What was the Farmers Alliance?
Movement that taught that Christian principles should guide social reform, especially helping the poor
What was Social Gospel?
Oil tycoon who used horizontal integration to control the market
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
1886 Chicago protest that turned violent after a bomb exploded at a rally
What is the Haymarket Affair?
Treaty that allowed Chinese immigration during the Civil War era
What is the Burlingame Treaty?
Populist Party platform adopted in 1892 advocating public control of railroads and land reform
What was the Omaha Platform?
Famous book by Henry George arguing that industrialization caused permanent poverty
Bonus: What is the idea he has in his book that does not get accepted?
What is Progress and Poverty?
What is Single tax on all landholdings?
Nickname for businessmen who earned wealth through ruthless business tactics
What are Robber Barons?
Labor group focused only on skilled workers, founded by Samuel Gompers
What is the American Federation of Labor?
This immigrant group was specifically targeted and restricted by the 1882 law banning entry to the U.S.
What are Chinese immigrants?
Movement advocating for the coinage of silver to increase the money supply
Bonus: Who supported ____ silver?
What was Free Silver?
Who is Democrat William Jennings Bryan?
The technological revolution that transformed U.S. cities, factories, and railroads in the late 1800s
What is Industrialization?
Ideas that society's wealth and success are determined by "survival of the fittest" in business
What is Social Dawinism?
National party advocating for paper money, better wages, and workers' rights
What is the Greenback Labor Party?
Idea that some races were more "fit" than others, used to justify limiting immigration
What is Social Darwinism (applied to race)?
Write who argued that industrialization created permanent poverty and that taxing landowners could fix inequality
Who is Henry George?
Native Americans spiritual movement that promised the return of the buffalo and the defeat of whites
What was the Ghost Dance Movement?
Founder of the Swift meatpacking (cattle) empire, known for controlling the whole production process
Who is Gustavus Swift?
Laws and policies that helped farmers get agricultural education and research funding
What is the Hatch Act?
Native Americans were forced to assimilate and adopt white customs under this 1887 act
What is the Dawes Severalty Act?
Political party formed in the 1870s-1890s to represent farmers and laborers, advocating reforms like public ownership or railroads and silver coinage
What is the Populist Party (People's Party)?
Methods of consolidating businesses either by controlling the whole process or crushing competitors