blood vessel anatomy
name for innermost lining of blood vessels and what it consists of
tunica intima
-endothelium
-internal elastic membrane
define viscosity
the harder it is for a liquid to pour
-the stickier the liquid
--syrup versus water
what is MAP and it s equation?
Mean arterial pressure
MAP = DP + 1/3PP
DP= diastolic blood pressure
PP= pulse pressure
Elastic arteries higher the highest _____ , ______ & ______ for oxygenated blood
vessel diameter, average blood pressure, and velocity of blood flow
define continuous, fenestrated, and sinusoid capillaries
continuous- has a complete basement membrane, an intact intercellular cleft, and a thick endothelial layer (tunic intimate)
Fenestrated- is the same as continuous besides the fact that it has fenestration/ holes throughout the tunica intima
Sinusoid- incomplete basement membrane, intercellular gap
name for lining in the middle of innermost and outermost lining of blood vessels and what does it consist of
tunic media
-smooth muscle
-elastic fiber
what is peripheral resistance
the opposition to flow of blood vessels. is a function of vessel radius, vessel length, and blood viscosity
what is the equation for Partial Pressure
PP = SP - DP
SP= systolic blood pressure
DP= diastolic blod pressure
Venae Cavae has the highest _____
vessel diameter
explain the relationship between vessel length and peripheral resistance (PR)
the PR increases with longer vessel lengths
--think of it as the longer the blood vessel the longer to take too get where its going
The PR decreases with shorter vessel lengths
outermost lining of blood vessels and what does it consist of
tunica externa
has
-nervi vasorum and vasa vasorum floating around.
what are the three main things that directly influence blood pressure
cardiac output
peripheral resistance
blood volume
the higher the DP will increase the MAP and increase the PP T or F
False: the higher the Diastolic Pressure will increase the MAP but it will decrease the Partial Pressure
capillaries and venues have very low _____, _______, & ______
vessel diameter
total cross sectional are of vessels
velocity of blood flow
what is the formula for blood flow (F)
F = change in Pressure/ Resistance
What is the thickest lining of an artery?
tunica media
define diastolic blood blood pressure and systolic blood pressure.
Tell me which goes on top systolic/diastolic or diastolic/systolic
diastolic blood pressure- minimum pressure while your heart is relaxed in between beats
systolic blood pressure- maximum pressure while your heart is contracting to pump blood
systolic/diastolic 120/80
what is the MAP of a person with a healthy blood pressure? 120/80
80 + 1/3(120-80) = 93.333
name 2-3 blood vessels with the lowest blood pressure
venae cavae
veins
venules
what increases peripheral resistance
vasoconstriction, increased blood viscosity, longer vessel length
what is the thickest lining of a vein?
tunica externa
Define Inspiration and Expiration while relating them to blood
inspiration- breathing in, increases blood flow to thoracic veins, diaphragm contracts and is flat
expiration- breathing out, increases blood flow into the heart and abdominal veins, diaphragm is relaxed and curved upwards
Looking at 2 people with blood pressures of 140/70 for person A and 130/60 for person B. Who needs has hypertension?
Both! any systole reading over 120 is considered high blood pressure.
Arterioles have a higher velocity of blood flow than the venae cavae T or F
F, its lower
In relation to blood, when skeletal muscles are contracted are the valves open or closed?
closed