Vocab
An unlearned response to a stimulus.
UCR
CR
Pavlov's experiment:
Salivating to tone of bell is what response?
CR
Anytime the daughter gets a grade below an A on a test or assignment, she is not allowed to go out with friends for a week:
Which type of reinforcement?
Negative reinforcement
College students have learned that if they flush a toilet while someone is taking a shower, it will cause the water in the shower to become scalding hot. Naturally, the shower victim screams as his reflexes cause him to leap backward in pain. After this had occurred on several occasions, college students began to twitch involuntarily whenever they heard a toilet flush. In this example, the sound of the flushing toilet would be the
CS
A stimulus that elicits an unlearned response.
UCS
learning of behaviors that allow an organism to escape from an aversive stimulus
Escape learning
Pavlov's experiment:
Salivating to food is what response?
UCR
The parents explain that they will let their daughter go out with friends on the weekends only if she maintains a 4.0 grade point average.
This is best described as an example of:
Positive reinforcement
Mode of perceptual processing for identifying patterns as meaningful wholes rather than as piecemeal constructions
TOP-DOWN PROCESSING
Operant Conditioning
learning of behaviors that allow an organism to avoid an aversive stimulus
Avoidance Learning
Treats after a tantrum:
Which principle of reinforcement is this?
Positive reinforcement
M gets food poisoning after eating chicken, M avoids any foods that contain chicken:
Stimulus ______________
Generalization
Gaps in the myelin sheath that create non-insulated areas along the axon.
Nodes of Ranvier
response that operates on the environment to produce certain consequences
Operant Response
gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response
Using umbrella to prevent being rained on
Which principle of reinforcement is this?
Negative reinforcement
J got bit by a big dog and is now scared of big dogs but happily plays with small dogs
Stimulus ______________
Discrimination
Secretions from endocrine glands that help regulate bodily processes
Hormones
process of learning by association, where different stimuli come to elicit the same response
Classical Conditioning
spontaneous return of a conditioned response following extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
A car beeps until seatbelt is fastened:
Which principle of reinforcement is this?
Negative reinforcement
A student, tired of studying, starts procrastinating to avoid doing more work
Is this Escape or avoidance?
Escape
Explanation: escape learning seeks to reduce the unpleasantness of something exists while avoidance learning is meant to prevent the unpleasantness of something that hasn't happened yet
Small but numerous cells in the nervous system that support neurons and that form the myelin sheath found on many axons.
Glial cells