basic concepts
These medications suppress viral replication but do not usually eliminate viruses
antivirals
The amount of HIV circulating in the bloodstream.
viral load
Acyclovir is commonly prescribed for this viral infection.
herpes simplex virus
Tamiflu is used to treat these influenza types.
Influenza A and B
HIV attacks these immune cells.
CD4 T- Helper cells
Viruses require these to reproduce.
host cells
A measure of immune system function in HIV patients.
CD4 count
Acyclovir works by interfering with this process.
viral DNA synthesis
Tamiflu should begin within this time after symptoms start.
48 hours
Untreated HIV can progress to this condition.
AIDS
These drugs do not treat viral infections.
antiobiotics
A virus that uses reverse transcriptase to replicate.
retrovirus
The major serious adverse effect of acyclovir.
nephrotoxicity (kidney toxicity
Two common side effects of Tamiflu.
nausea and vomiting
The goal of HIV treatment regarding viral load
undetectable viral load
Antiviral medications are most effective when started this way.
early in the illness
An infection that occurs because of weakened immunity.
opportunistic infection
Nurses encourage this to reduce kidney damage while taking acyclovir.
increase fluid intake
Patients should do this even if symptoms improve
complete the prescribed course
The goal regarding CD4 count
an increased CD4 count
A viral mutation that decreases medication effectiveness.
resistance
The use of multiple HIV medications together.
ART (antiretroviral therapy
Chickenpox and shingles are caused by this virus treated with acyclovir.
varicella-zoster virus
Starting Tamiflu after this time reduces effectiveness
more than 48 hours after symptom onset
HIV medications are usually prescribed this way because HIV mutates rapidly.
combination therapy