Important Dates
1800
When was the first prehospital system for triaging and transport patients created by Baron Dominque-Jean Larrey, chief physician in Napolean's army?
Retrospective research
What is research performed from currently available information?
1951, Korean War
When were helicopters first used to bring patients to MASH units?
Bonus 100 points, what does MASH stand for?
Ethical
What is a behavior expected by a person or group following a set of rules?
Protocol
What is a treatment plan developed for a specific illness or injury?
1899
When was the first automobile type ambulance coming out of Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, Illinois?
Case study
What is a type of research in which a single case is investigated and documented over a specific period?
1956
When did Drs. James Elan and Peter Safar develop mouth to mouth resuscitation?
Emotional support
What is one of the responsiblities of an EMS provider?
Medical direction
What is direction given to an EMS system or provider by a physician?
1926
When did the Phoenix fire Department add service similar to present day EMS?
Cohort research
What is a type of research that examines patterns of change, a sequence of events, or trends over time within a certain population of study subjects?
1959
When did Frank Pantridge develop the first portable defibrillator?
Health care professional
What is someone who conforms to the same standards as other HCPs, provides quality patient care, instills pride in the profession, strives continuously for high standards, earns respect from others in the profession, and meets high societal expectations of the profession whether on or off duty?
Quality Control
What is the medical director's responsibility to ensure the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMS personnel on each call?
1928
When did Julian Stanley Wise launch the first rescue squad out of Roanoke, Virginia called Roanoke Life Saving and First Aid Crew?
Cross sectional design
What is a data collection method in which all data at one point in time are collected, essentially serving as a"snapshot" of events and information?
1973
Attributes of professionalism as a paramedic
What are integrity, empathy, self-motivation, confidence, communications, teamwork and respect, patient advocacy, injury prevention, careful delivery of service, time management, and administration?
Online (Direct) Medical Control
What is medical direction given in real time to an EMS service or provider?
1860-1870
In what time period did civilian ambulance services begin in Cincinnati Ohio (1865) and NYW (1869)?
Prospective research
What is a type of research that gathers information as events occur in real time?
1966
When was "The White Paper", formally titled "Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society" published, the National Highway Safety Act passed, and the US DOT created?
Safety culture
What is, in an EMS organization, a system of beliefs and practices that (1) acknowledges that organizations engage in high-risk activities, (2) determines the importance of consistent, safe operations to counteract these activities, (3) supports a blame-free environment where errors can be reported without fear of punishment, and (4) maintains organizational commitment to address reported errors and safety concerns?
Off-Line (Indirect) Medical Control
What is medical direction given through a set of protocols, policies, and/or standards?