Chapter 1
What is monotheism?
Belief in one God, rather than many.
What is Dome of The Rock?
The holiest cite for Islam.
What is an indulgence?
A release from all or part of punishment for sin by the Catholic Church, reducing time in purgatory after death.
New sailing technology
What happened in the French Wars of Religion?
Protestants were persecuted, and to resolve the religious problem, the Edict of Nantes was established.
What was the Mandate of Heaven?
What is a mercanary?
A soldier who fights primarily for pay.
What was the 95 theses?
Luther's attack on the Catholic Church. He posted his thesis on the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg.
What is a caravel?
What were Huguenots?
French Protestants influenced by John Calvin
What was the Hellenistic Period in Ancient Greece?
The era that began of the conquest of the Persian Empire by Alexander the Great.
What did Renaissance education consist of?
Liberal arts
Who is John Calvin?
The founder of Calvinism.
What was the social hierarchy in Latin America in order?
Peninsulare, creole, mestizo, mulatto.
What did James I believe?
That he received his power from and was only responsible to God.
Who were the first humans?
Paleolithic people
Who is Filippo Brunelleschi?
An architect
What is predestination?
The belief that God has determined in advance who will be saved (the elect) and who will be damned (the reprobate).
What was the encomienda system?
A system of labor the Spanish used in the Americas; Spanish landowners had the right, as granted by Queen Isabella, to use Native Americans as laborers.
What is a czar?
Russian for caesar; the titled used by Roman emperors.
What teachings was the Islamic civilization built on?
Quran (the Holy book of Islam)
What is a fresco?
A painting done on fresh wet plaster with water-based paints.
What was Martin Luther's doctrine called?
Lutheranism
What did colonists establish to grow sugar, cotton, vanilla, and other crops introduced in the Americas?
Plantations
What was Mannerism?
An artistic movement that emerged in Italy in the 1520s and 1530s; it marked the end of the Renaissance by breaking down the principles of balance, harmony, and moderation.