What is Psychology?
Psychology is generally defined as the scientific study of these two things.
Behavior and mental processes
The belief that mind and body are fundamentally different.
Dualism
This concept focuses on breaking consciousness into its basic elements.
Structuralism
He opened the first psychology laboratory.
Wilhelm Wundt
The scientific study of how cultures shape psychological processes.
Cultural Psychology
Observable actions of a person or animal.
Behavior
The philosopher most associated with dualism.
Renee Decartes
The method used by structuralists to analyze subjective experience.
Introspection
This psychologist is associated with functionalism.
William James
This field studies how psychological processes change across the lifespan.
Developmental Psychology
Thoughts, feelings, memories, perceptions, and dreams fall under this category.
Mental processes ("the mind")
The view that all mental phenomena are reducible to physical phenomena.
Materialism
This concept focuses on the purpose of mental processes and adaptation.
Functionalism
He developed psychoanalytic theory and emphasized the unconscious mind.
Sigmund Freud
The study of mental processes such as memory, perception, and reasoning.
Cognitive Psychology
One requirement of science that involves obtaining the same results when a study is repeated.
Reproducibility
The belief that all knowledge is acquired through experience.
Empiricism
This approach restricted psychology to the study of observable behavior.
Behaviorism
He is famous for classical conditioning experiments with dogs.
Ivan Pavlov
The branch of psychology that studies the brain and nervous system.
Neuroscience/Biological Psychology
These are the four goals of psychology: describe, explain, predict, and this.
Change (or APPLY)
The view that some knowledge is innate rather than learned.
Nativism
This concept emphasizes how the mind organizes perceptual experiences.
Gestalt psychology
This behaviorist developed the Skinner Box and operant conditioning.
B.F. Skinner
This type of psychology focuses on diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders.
Clinical Psychology