Column A
Cosmetology is defined as the ______________ of beautifying and improving the skin, nails, and hair.
art and science
Who coined the name "day spa" in the late 1980's?
Noel DeCaprio
Archaeological studies reveal that haircutting and hairstyling were practiced in some form as early as the ______________________
Ice Age
Ancient people around the world used animal hide ______________________________
to tie hair back or foradornment
Studying the history of cosmetology can _____________________.
help you predict or understand current trends
Which civilization is most known for using a variety of hairstyles as symbols of tribal traditions to convey messages of age, marital status, power, and rank?
African
Who were the first people to cultivate beauty with extravagant fashions and were the first to use cosmetics as part of their personal beautification habits?
The Egyptians
Ancient Egyptians were the first civilization to infuse essential oils from __________________ for use as perfumes and for purification purposes.
leaves and blossoms
Which queen erected a personal cosmetics factory next to the Dead Sea?
Queen Cleopatra
Which substance was created by ancient Egyptians from a mixture of ground galena (a black mineral), sulfur, and animal fat?
Kohl
What were the royal colors of the Chou Dynasty (circa 1100 BC)?
Gold and Silver
What mineral, considered the chief source of mercury, was ground into a fine powder and used to make vermillion, a brilliant red pigment?
Cinnabar
In ancient Rome, women used hair color to indicate their class in society. What color did poor women use to dye their hair?
black
The process of steam distillation was refined by Avicenna, a _______________, around AD 1000.
Persian physician
What was the period in history during which Western civilization made the transition from medieval to modern history?
The Renaissance
During the Renaissance, the unusual practice of shaving the eyebrows and hairline was performed to show a greater expanse of forehead. A brow-less forehead was thought to give a woman a look of greater ______________.
intelligence
In 1985, a hairdresser, _______________, led by his passion for craft and environment, revolutionized the beauty industry by inventing the world's first ammonia-free haircolor.
Farouk Shami
Who were the biggest trendsetters in beauty applications in the early twentieth century?
celebrities and society figures
Which polish immigrant Americanized his name in 1908 and moved to Los Angeles, where he began making and selling makeup?
Max Factor
What wrapping technique was introduced when women cut their hair in the short-bobbed style after WWI?
_____________, the child of former slaves, was a pioneer in the modern African American hair care and cosmetics industry.
Sarah Breedlove
Who invented the first curling iron?
Marcel Grateau
What year was preheat-perm method introduced?
1931
Which New York Chemist introduced the first permanent hair color in 1932 and founded a company called Clairol in 1935?
Lawrence Gelb
Cold waving, or permanent waving, was developed by scientists in 1941 as a new type of permanent waving that did not use heat. What is the modern-day term for this waving lotion?
Alkaline perms