Studying the Past
These people study and write about the past.
Historian
Paleolithic is another name for this early age.
What is the Old Stone Age? (p. 10)
Neolithic is another name for this age.
What is the New Stone Age? (p. 13)
Mesopotamia developed between these two rivers.
What are the Tigris and Euphrates? (p. 18)
Who is Sargon
This term means the time before writing developed
What is prehistory?
These people moved from place to place instead of living in permanent homes.
Who are nomads? (p. 10)
This term means taming animals for human use.
What is domestication? (p. 13)
The name Mesopotamia means this.
What is the land between two rivers? (p. 18)
Who was the leader of the Chaldeans?
Who was Nebuchadnezzar?
These objects, such as tools and weapons, were made by humans.
Artifact
Early humans got food through these two activities.
What are hunting and gathering? (p. 10)
Growing a steady food supply allowed people to settle in these permanent communities.
What are villages? (p. 14)
Watering crops with canals and other waterworks is called this.
What is irrigation? (p. 18)
Who was the leader of Babylon?
Hammurabi.
These objects, such as tools and weapons, were made by humans.
What are fossils?
Name two ways fire helped early humans survive.
Any two: warmth, light, protection from wild animals, or cooking food. (p. 10)
Doing different kinds of jobs instead of everyone doing the same work is called this.
What is specialization? (p. 15)
Name two ways rivers helped early civilizations grow.
Any two: fertile soil, freshwater, food or fish, transportation, or trade. (p. 17)
Sumerians wrote wedge-shaped marks on this material.
What are clay tablets? (p. 20)
Explain how archaeologists and anthropologists study different aspects of the past.
Archaeologists study artifacts and buried evidence; anthropologists study human society, development, and relationships. (p. 9)
Explain how language helped Paleolithic people work together.
It helped them communicate, cooperate, and pass knowledge to others. (p. 11)
Explain how farming led to jobs such as weaving or making pottery.
A steady food supply meant some people could spend time making goods instead of finding food. (p. 15)
Why did Mesopotamian farmers need dams and canals?
Floods were unpredictable; dams and canals controlled water and brought it to crops. (p. 18)
Name Sumer’s three social classes and one group in each.
Upper: kings, priests, or officials; middle: artisans, merchants, farmers, or fishers; lower: enslaved people. (p. 20)