What probably accounted for 90% of the total deaths of Native Americans?
diseases such as smallpox.
100
The period where many plants, animals, diseases, and ideas are shared between the Old World and New World is known as what?
The Columbian Exchange
100
At first, Spain's biggest rival in the age of exploration was what NEARBY European country?
Portugal
100
Metalwork, written language, farming, wheels, domesticated animals. Which of these did the Native Americans in North America have when Europeans arrived?
Farming!
200
How did the Pueblo Indians manage to have agriculture in their dry climate?
Irrigation.
200
What animal transformed Native American life, especially on the Great Plains?
the horse
200
People who have both Native American and European parents were known as?
mestizos
200
Catholic Spanish were later opposed by the English. What form of Christianity did the English believe?
Protestantism
200
What plant, though it made a lot of money for Europeans, probably produced the most negative effects?
tobacco
300
What was central to Native American life on the GREAT PLAINS?
the buffalo
300
What form of the Christian religion did the Spanish hope to bring to North America?
Catholicism
300
People who have both African and European parents were known as what?
mulattos
300
Native Americans had enough and revolted against the Spanish in 1680. What is one of the two names of this revolt?
Popé’s Revolt or The Pueblo Revolt
300
What two crops from the New World greatly increased food supplies in Europe and led to a population increase?
corn and potatoes
400
What do we call the belief that non-human things (plants, animals) possess a spiritual essence. This is very different from Christian belief, which asserts that only humans possess spiritual qualities?
Animism
400
Spanish treated the Indians so bad, that other European countries told stories of what they did. What are these stories called?
The Black Legend
400
What three crops were grown together in the Three Sister Farming system?
corn, beans, squash
400
The idea that all European countries were competing against one another and would have to get colonies to make themselves richer, came to be known as what?
Mercantilism
400
Are there more or less plant and animal species in the world today than in 1491?
LESS
500
People who move around, usually in search of food, especially following their animals are called?
Nomads
500
In exchange for teaching them about God, the Spanish expected the Native Americans to work as slaves. What is this system called?
The Encomienda.
500
Atlantic and Northeastern Native American tribes survived by getting food in what TWO ways?
being Hunter-gatherers, agriculture
500
Juan de Sepúlveda was a Spanish man who believed it was okay if the Spanish had to kill all the Native Americans. Who would really have disagreed with him?
Bartolome de Las Casas
500
Most of the corn grown in the United States is eaten by _____________