Jackson & the Bank
Jackson viewed this group as favored by the Second National Bank
What are Wealthy Elites
This 1830 law authorized Jackson to negotiate treaties to move Native Americans west of the Mississippi.
What is the Indian Removal Act
This state attempted to nullify the Tariff of 1828, claiming it was unconstitutional and harmful to its economy.
What is South Carolina
This New England author and leader of transcendentalism wrote Self-Reliance and emphasized individual intuition over organized religion.
Who is Ralph Waldo Emerson
This community was famous for its communal lifestyle and innovative craftsmanship in the 19th century.
Who are the Shakers
When gold & silver were transfered from the second bank to state banks, critics called this banks what
What are "pet banks"
The 1200 mile march of 14000 Cherokees
What is the Trail of Tears
Jackson responded to nullification with this law, authorizing him to use military force to enforce federal tariffs.
What is the Force Bill
This transcendentalist author wrote Walden and practiced simple living to explore personal independence and connection to nature.
Who is Henry David Thoreau
Founded by Robert Owen in Indiana, this community sought to create a model society based on cooperation and equality.
What is New Harmony
Jackson vetoed this bill that was imposed by Henry Clay & Daniel Webster that would split the Democrats just before the 1832 elections.
What is the Rechartering Bill
This Supreme Court case ruled that the Cherokee Nation was a sovereign nation, but Jackson ignored this
What is Worcester v. Georgia
This South Carolina politician, who led the nullification movement, challenged Jackson’s authority during the crisis.
Who is John C. Calhoun
Transcendentalists believed that individuals could discover truth through this personal faculty, rather than through established institutions or tradition.
What is intuition
These communities wanted to withdraw from main society to create perfect & self-sufficient society based on religious or social ideals.
What are utopian communities / experiments
Jackson justified his veto for the Recharter Bill using this belief that he represented the entire nation.
What is the "mandate of the people"
This treaty, signed American officials and a minority Cherokee faction was used by the U.S. to specify that Cherokees would resettle in Indian Territory.
What is the Treaty of New Echota
In response to South Carolina’s nullification of federal tariffs, Jackson declared that states did not have the right to defy federal law and threatened to use this to enforce national authority.
What is military force
This movement encouraged social reform, including abolitionism and women’s rights, by promoting the idea that society could be improved through individual moral action.
What is Idealism
This group founded by John Humphrey Noyes, practiced “complex marriage”
What is the Oneida Community
By placing federal funds into state “pet banks” after vetoing the Bank’s recharter, Jackson set the stage for this financial crisis.
What is the Panic of 1837
This brutal eight hour battle in the Wisconsin Territory that killed 850 of Black Hawk’s 1,000 warriors.
What is the Bad Axe Massacre
During the Nullification Crisis, this political conflict highlighted the growing tension between federal authority and state sovereignty, as Jackson defended the Constitution while his former vice president openly supported state nullification.
Jackson vs. Calhoun dispute over nullification?
Thoreau famously refused to pay taxes to protest this U.S. government action, demonstrating transcendentalist ideas of moral conscience over civil obedience.
What is slavery expansion
Utopian experiments often failed due to these common issues, including economic problems, internal conflict, and tensions with surrounding society.
What are financial instability, leadership disputes, and societal pressures