Geography & Foundations
This river made Rome a natural stopping point for trade.
Tiber River
This is a type of government in which citizens vote for leaders.
Republic
This is the belief in many gods who controlled different areas of life.
Polytheism
This Carthaginian general crossed the Alps to invade Italy.
Hannibal
This event happened on the Ides of March in 44 B.C.
Julius Caesar was assassinated
These famous landforms were the location where Rome was built.
Seven Hills
These are the three main social classes of Rome in order from highest to lowest.
Patricians, plebeians, slaves
This group provided much of the manual labor in Rome’s economy.
Slaves
These wars were fought between Rome and Carthage.
Punic Wars
These two generals were given extraordinary powers to put down a slave rebellion.
Crassus and Pompey
These two groups strongly influenced early Rome’s culture and development.
Greeks and Etruscans
This term describes a society in which men hold authority in the family and government.
Patriarchy
This trait was most valued by Romans and emphasized duty and responsibility.
Loyalty (or gravitas, depending how you taught it—your quiz keys loyalty)
These were Hannibal’s biggest challenges crossing the Alps.
Weather and difficult terrain
This slave leader controlled the army that rebelled in 73 B.C.
Spartacus
This is the main reason Rome expanded mostly around the Mediterranean Sea.
Trade routes and easier movement of armies by sea
This is how plebeians gained political equality in the Roman Republic.
Council of Plebs gained power and laws were written down
These two factors most strongly determined how much education a Roman child received.
Gender and family wealth
This was one reason Rome had to make peace with Macedonia during the First Macedonian War.
Rome was busy fighting Hannibal
This was a major problem that resulted from Rome’s expansion after the Punic Wars.
Poverty and unemployment
This is the legendary story of Rome’s founding and the evidence that supports it.
Romulus and Remus; archaeological evidence of early settlements in the same area and period
This is the key difference between the dictatorships of Cincinnatus and Julius Caesar.
Cincinnatus gave up power after a crisis; Caesar kept power and ruled for life
This happened to many poor farmers when wealthy Romans bought up small farms.
They were forced to find work in cities
This reform allowed volunteers without property to join the Roman army.
Marius allowing non-property-owners to enlist
These factors contributed to the end of the Roman Republic.
Civil wars, powerful generals, and concentration of power