Cells
Define Cell Division
When a cell divides into 2 new daughter cells
What is sexual reproduction?
When 2 cells from different parents combine to produce a new cell of a new organism
What is the purpose of Chromosomes?
Chromosomes make it possible to separate DNA during cell division.
Are all tumors cancerous?
No.
What is an embryo?
An organism in its early stage of development
What enters through a cell membrane?
Food, oxygen, and water
2 advantages to sexual reproduction?
1. It is fast
2. More genetic variety
How many chromosomes are in the human body?
46
A disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth.
What is a differentiated cell?
A differentiated cell has become different from the original cell that produced it.
What happens when a cell grows too large and the DNA does not keep up?
This would be called information overload.
What is asexual reproduction?
When a single parent reproduces by itself
How many phases are in the eukaryotic cell cycle and what are they?
There are 4 phases.
1. G1 (Cell growth)
2. S Phase (DNA replication)
3. G2 Phase (Prep for cell division)
4. M Phase (cell division)
The process of which a cell is programmed to die?
Apoptosis
How do cells become specialized for different functions?
During the development of an organism, cells differentiate into many types of cells
How does a cell produce a new cell?
Cell division
Do mammals reproduce sexually or a sexually?
They reproduce sexually
What are the 2 stages of M phase?
1. Mitosis (when the nucleus divides)
2. Cytokinesis (cytoplasm divides)
What are some ways cancer be treated?
1. Surgery
2. Radiation
3. Chemotherapy
Why is research on stem cells important?
Scientists believe stem cells might improve human health, they might be able to fix cells that have been damaged.
What are some difficulties a cell faces as it increases in size?
The cells DNA may not be able to meet all of its needs AND a large cell has trouble moving enough nutrients in and out
What is produced during sexual reproduction in humans?
Identical offspring
Offspring that are genetically different from the parents
More cells for the body
Only one parent
2. Offspring that are genetically different from the parents
What are the 4 phases of Mitosis?
1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase
How is the cell cycle regulated?
By internal and external regulators
Which of the following is true about totipotent cells?
A. Totipotent cells debelop in the inner cell mass
B. Totipotent cells are differentiated cells
C. Totipotent cells can differentiate into any type of cell and tissue
D. Adult stem cells are totipotent cells.
C. Totipotent cells can differentiate into any type of cell and tissue