Important People
Which French psychologist developed assessments to identify children who needed additional educational support?
Who is Alfred Binet?
A student uses learned vocabulary and historical facts to answer questions. Which type of intelligence is being demonstrated?
What is crystallized intelligence?
A test measures how much a student has learned in a completed biology course. What type of test is this?
What is an achievement test?
A student follows a recipe with a clear goal and a known sequence of steps. What kind of problem is this?
What is a well-defined problem?
A student brainstorms 15 different ways to reuse a cardboard box. Which type of thinking is demonstrated?
What is divergent thinking?
Influenced by Darwin, this British psychologist promoted eugenics and believed intelligence could be objectively measured.
Who is Francis Galton?
Someone encounters an unfamiliar puzzle and adapts their thinking to solve it. Which type of intelligence is most directly involved?
What is fluid intelligence?
A student takes the SAT to demonstrate their potential for academic success. Which type of testing does this represent?
What is aptitude testing?
A student writes a short story with no single correct answer and invents an original approach. What type of thinking is most important for this task?
What is divergent thinking?
A student compares several possible answers and selects the single best solution. Which type of thinking is demonstrated?
What is convergent thinking?
This American psychologist developed the formula mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100.
Who is Lewis Terman?
A psychologist argues that mathematical ability, verbal skills, and spatial reasoning reflect one underlying general intellectual ability. What is this called?
What is the g-factor?
n English-language intelligence test disadvantages a newcomer who has not yet learned English. What testing concern does this illustrate?
What is cultural bias?
A person divides a complicated research project into smaller, manageable tasks. Which problem-solving strategy are they using?
What are subgoals?
A designer spends time defining a problem, takes a break, and suddenly develops an idea. What stage of the creative process follows incubation?
What is insight?
A psychologist measures an adult's verbal and nonverbal abilities relative to others of the same age. Which psychologist's approach does this reflect?
Who is David Wechsler?
A student excels at understanding others' emotions but struggles with traditional academic tests. Which theorist's framework best accommodates this difference through distinct intelligence categories?
Who is Howard Gardner?
A child's intellectual performance falls within a range influenced by both inherited characteristics and environmental opportunities. What concept explains this?
What is reaction range?
A puzzle solver systematically tests every possible letter arrangement until the correct word is found. Which strategy is this?
What is an algorithm?
A student studies a difficult puzzle, leaves it alone overnight, and returns with a fresh perspective. Which problem-solving concept explains taking a break from the problem?
What is incubation?
A researcher argues that intelligence consists of analytical, creative, and practical abilities rather than one general ability. Which theorist supports this view?
Who is Robert Sternberg?
One theory organizes abilities at broad and narrow levels, including general cognitive ability and specific skills such as word fluency. Name the model.
What is the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model?
IQ scores rise across successive generations. What phenomenon describes this pattern, and what does it suggest about intelligence scores?
What is the Flynn effect? It describes generational increases in IQ test scores.
A student cannot solve a problem, takes a break, and later suddenly recognizes the answer. Which problem-solving processes does this illustrate?
What are incubation and insight?
Two students have equal technical knowledge, but one explores unusual ideas, persists through setbacks, makes independent judgments, and works from personal interest. Name two creativity-related characteristics demonstrated.
Any two of the following: imaginative thinking, venturesome personality, independence, or intrinsic motivation.