muscle basics
This is the only muscle type included in the muscular system.
What is skeletal muscle
The outermost connective tissue layer surrounding an entire muscle.
What is the epimysium?
The functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber.
What is a sarcomere
The ion released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum that triggers contraction.
What is Ca
The high-energy molecule that powers the myosin heads during contraction.
What is ATP
Name two functions of skeletal muscle besides movement.
Maintain posture, support soft tissues, guard entrances/exits, maintain body temperature, store nutrients
The muscle tissue found only in the heart.
What is cardiac muscle
These lines mark the boundaries of a sarcomere.
What are Z lines
The neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction.
What is acetylcholine (ACh)
This molecule stores energy in muscles and rapidly regenerates ATP.
What is creatine phosphate?
Skeletal muscle CELLS are also called this.
What are muscle fibers
The connective tissue that surrounds muscle fascicles.
What is the perimysium
The band that contains the entire length of thick filaments.
What is the A band
The protein that blocks myosin binding sites on actin at rest.
What is tropomyosin
This byproduct accumulates during anaerobic metabolism and contributes to fatigue.
What is lactic acid
Muscle fibers develop through fusion of embryonic cells called these
What are myoblasts
The membrane of a muscle fiber.
What is the sarcolemma
This region contains only thick filaments
What is the H zone
The theory explaining how muscle shortens when filaments slide past each other.
What is the sliding filament theory
The extra oxygen required after exercise to restore normal conditions.
What is oxygen debt (EPOC)
Skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated because they form by the fusion of these cells.
What are myoblasts
A triad consists of one T-tubule and these two structures.
What are terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum
During contraction, the A band stays the same length while these two zones shorten.
What are the I band and H zone
The condition that occurs after death when myosin cannot detach from actin due to lack of ATP
What is rigor mortis
The two major ways muscle cells generate ATP.
What are aerobic metabolism and anaerobic glycolysis