Technology that involves manipulating the DNA of one organism in order to insert DNA from another organism.
What is genetic engineering.
100
Process in which parental strands of DNA separate, serve as templates, and produce new DNA molecules that have one strands of parental DNA and one strand of new DNA.
What is semiconservative replication.
100
A project that took 13 years to accomplish. The end result was to know all of the possible human genomes.
What is the Human Genome Project.
200
These are all examples: Cystic Fibrosis, Albinism, and Tay-Sachs disease.
What are recessive diseases.
200
The phosphate groups in DNA create a negative charge, which attracts the DNA to the positively charged histone proteins and forms a ____.
What is a nucleosome.
200
The total DNA present in the nucleus of each cell.
What is an organism's genome
200
A process in which two closely related organisms are bred to have the desired trains an to eliminate the undesired ones in future generations.
What is inbreeding
200
Jack is a Border Collie with oreo-colored speckles instead of solid white fur. According to Mrs. R, the oreo-speckles are what?
What is a desired trait
300
An individual who is heterozygous (Rr) for a recessive disorder.
What is a carrier
300
The short segment of DNA synthesized discontinuously in small segments in the 3' to 5' direction by DNA polymerase.
What are Okazaki Fragments
300
An enzyme that joins two DNA fragments, chemically.
What is DNA ligase
300
Process in which the DNA code is transferred to mRNA in the nucleus. The mRNA then can take the code into the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
What is transcription
300
We use this to help identify suspects and victims in criminals cases, to determine paternity and to identify soldiers killed in war.
What is DNA fingerprinting
400
A diagram that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through several generations.
What is a pedigree
400
The three-base code in DNA or mRNA.
What is a codon
400
Organisms that are genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism.
What is a transgenic organism
400
Process by which desired traits of certain plants and animals are selected and passed on to their future generations.
What is selective breeding.
400
These are the three major types of RNA.
What is rRNA, mRNA and tRNA.
500
Segments of DNA that control the production of proteins.
What are genes
500
Type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosome.
What is tRNA.
500
A technique aimed at correcting mutated genes that cause human diseases.
What is gene therapy
500
The process in which mRNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is assembled.
What is translation
500
DNA codes for RNA, which guides the synthesis of proteins.