This is the likelihood that an even will occur, it is used to predict the outcome of genetic crosses.
probability
100
This is the name of the genetic makeup of an organism; it is represented by letters. And this the the name of the physical characteristic.
genotype; phenotype
100
This is the first phase of meiosis where the chromosomes condense
prophase
100
What is genetics?
The study of heredity
200
Mendel worked with these organisms to study the inheritance of traits. And he studied these seven traits
pea plants; flower: color and position, pea: shape and color, plant height, pod: shape and color.
200
This is the reason why short plants disappeared in Mendel's F1 generation of pea plants
All the F1 generation were heterozygous for plant height and since the tall trait is dominant it covers the recessive short trait.
200
Different forms of a gene are called this, Mendel called them factors.
Alelles
200
During this final phase of meiosis, there are 4 genetically different haploid cells for reproduction.
telophase II
200
How are gene maps made?
By the frequency of the separation of genes during crossing over. The more often genes are separated by crossing over, the farther apart they are on a chromosome.
300
This principle, discovered by Mendel, states that some allels are dominant and others are recessive
principle of dominance
300
This are the offspring genotype when plants with the following alleles are crossed: TT and Tt
50% TT and 50% Tt
300
This is another name for a homozygous genotype.
purebred
300
During this phase of meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell to prepare to separate.
metaphase 1 of meiosis or metaphase of meiosis 1
300
In this exception to Mendelian genetics, offspring may result with an intermediate phenotype- such as when red + blue flowers = purple
incomplete dominance
400
Mendel discovered that this type of trait could only show if it paired with another trait that was the same type.
recessive
400
Mendel used the two-factor cross to prove this principle
Principle of independent assortment
400
This is another name for a hybrid genotype.
heterozygous
400
During this phase of meiosis, homologous chromosomes move away from the middle to opposite ends of the cell
anaphase 1 of meiosis or anaphase of meioisis 1
400
Some traits such as eye color, height and skin tone are the result of many genes, known as ________ inheritance.
polygenic
500
When an organism inherits two of the same alleles, we describe this genotype as being __________. And when an organism inherits two different alleles, we describe this geneotype as being __________.
homozygous; heterozygous
500
In sheep the allele for white wool (A) is dominant over the allele for black wool (a). This is how you would figure out the genotype of a while male sheep
By crossing the white male sheep to a number of black female sheep; if any offspring are black, then wht white ram is heterozygous
500
This tool is used in genetics to predict the traits passed down from 2 parents to offspring.
punnett square
500
This principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing each other's inheritance.
Principle of independent assortment
500
The reason Mendel did not observe gene linkage during his experiments with pea plants
All the genes he studied are on different chromosomes or very far apart if on the same chromosome.