Chapter. 11 Nutrients and Diets -Calyx Mike

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Nutrition

1. All body processes relating to food, including digestion, absorption, metabolism, circulation, and elimination.

200

Wellness

2. A state of good health with optimal body function

300

Hypertension

3. High blood pressure; often caused by excess fat or salt in the diet.

400

Atherosclerosis

4. Narrowing of the arteries by fatty substances; often caused by a diet high in saturated fats and cholesterol.

500

Diabetes Mellitus

5. A metabolic disease caused by insufficient insulin use or secretion, leading to high blood glucose.

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Malnutrition

6.  A state of poor nutrition caused by a poor diet or illness; symptoms include fatigue and irritability.

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Obesity

7. A form of malnutrition caused by excessive calorie consumption and inadequate physical activity.

300

Overnutrition

8. A form of malnutrition caused by excessive calorie consumption and inadequate physical activity.

400

Carbohydrates

9.  The major source of readily usable human energy, commonly called starches or sugars.

500

Cellulose

1. he fibrous, indigestible form of plant carbohydrate that provides bulk for bowel movements.

Made

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Lipids (Fats)

1. Organic compounds that provide the most concentrated form of energy and help maintain body temperature.

200

Cholesterol

1. A sterol lipid found in body cells and animal products; used to produce hormones and vitamin D.

300

Proteins:

The basic components of all body cells, essential for building and repairing tissue.

400

Amino Acids:

1. The 22 "building blocks" of proteins; nine are essential to life.

500

Vitamins:

1. Organic compounds essential to life that allow the body to use energy from other nutrients.

By

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Antioxidants:

1. Organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free radicals.

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Minerals:

Inorganic elements found in all body tissues that regulate body fluids and assist functions.

300

Digestion

The process of breaking down food into smaller parts and changing it chemically

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Peristalsis

1. A rhythmic, wavelike motion of muscles that moves food through the digestive tract.

500

Absortion

1. The process in which blood or lymph capillaries pick up digested nutrients for the body.

Calyx

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Metabolism

21. The process in which nutrients are used by cells for building tissue and providing energy.

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Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

21. The rate at which the body uses energy just for maintaining its own tissue at rest.

300

Therapeutic Diets

21. Modifications of a normal diet used to improve specific health conditions.

400

Soft Diet

A diet containing foods that require little chewing and are easy to digest.

500

Body Mass Index (BMI)

21. A calculation or graph used to determine if an individual’s weight is healthy for their height.