The Black Death
The Black Death first arrived in Europe in 1347 at this Sicilian port city.
What is Messina?
This 1302 papal bull by Boniface VIII declared that salvation required submission to the Pope.
What is Unam Sanctam?
The Papal Schism began in 1378 when rival popes were elected in these two cities.
What are Rome and Avignon?
This wealthy family of Florence funded libraries, art, and humanist scholars.
Who are the Medici?
This was the year was The Geneva School founded.
What is 1993?
This writer described Florentine reactions to the plague in his Decameron.
Who is Giovanni Boccaccio?
At Canossa (1077), this emperor humbled himself before Pope Gregory VII.
Who is Henry IV?
This pope was elected in Rome in 1378 and angered French cardinals.
Who is Urban VI?
Italy’s location made it a crossroads of trade between Europe, the Byzantine Empire, and this world.
What is the Muslim world?
The Geneva School's motto, in Latin and its English translation.
What is "Post Tenebras Lux", which means "After Darkness, Light."
Groups who whipped themselves to atone for sin during the plague.
Who were the flagellants?
Marsilius of Padua, in Defensor Pacis (1324), argued that lawmaking power came from this group, not the clergy.
Who are the people or their representatives?
This council ended the Great Schism in 1417 by deposing rival popes and electing Martin V.
What is the Council of Constance?
Known as the “Father of Humanism,” this poet emphasized man’s dignity and potential.
Who is Petrarch?
He is the headmaster of The Geneva School.
Who is Dr. Russ Kapusinski?
This 1351 English law attempted to freeze wages at pre-plague levels and restrict peasant mobility.
What is the Statute of Laborers?
In his clash with Pope Boniface VIII, this French king insisted on taxing clergy to raise money for war.
Who is Philip IV of France?
This 1409 council tried to resolve the Schism but only created a third pope, deepening the crisis.
What is the Council of Pisa?
This Italian city-state’s merchants controlled Eastern Mediterranean trade routes and brought Greek and Byzantine culture to Italy.
What is Venice?
This song is sung by students at the Geneva School as they leave chapel. Double points if you translate its meaning into English. Triple points if you also sing it! Quadruple points if you know the verse it comes from.
Non Nobis Domine “Not to us, O Lord.”
Psalm 115:1 (and echoed in Psalm 118:1)
(Short Answer): Briefly explain two ways the Black Death undermined the authority of the Church.
Massive clergy deaths left sacraments unavailable; papal decrees and rituals proved ineffective; new radical movements like flagellants arose; Jews were scapegoated while Church leadership failed to provide answers
(Short Answer): Compare Pope Boniface VIII’s view of authority in Unam Sanctam with Marsilius of Padua’s in Defensor Pacis.
Boniface claimed papal supremacy over all rulers and salvation itself, while Marsilius rejected papal coercive power, insisting political authority belonged to secular rulers and the people.
The Schism lasted nearly this many years, weakening papal authority.
What is about 40 years?
(Short Answer): Why did Renaissance art differ so much from medieval art? Give two examples.
Renaissance art focused on human beauty and realism, using perspective and anatomy; medieval art was flat, symbolic, and primarily religious.
Triple points: This is Dr. Bellamy's birth month?
What is December?