Understanding the Problem
According to the text, understanding the problem is always straightforward and easy for everyone.
False. Understanding the problem can be complex and vary among individuals.
Situated cognition suggests that problem-solving is always best done in a controlled, isolated environment.
False. Situated cognition emphasizes the importance of context and environment in problem-solving.
Gender stereotypes have no impact on how individuals approach and solve math problems.
False. Gender stereotypes can influence confidence and performance in math problem-solving.
Insight problems are always easier to solve than noninsight problems.
False. The difficulty of a problem depends on various factors beyond whether it requires insight.
What term describes the initial stage of problem-solving where one comprehends the nature of the problem?
Problem comprehension.
What term describes the idea that cognition is influenced by bodily experiences and the surrounding environment?
Embodied cognition.
What term describes the phenomenon where individuals perform in line with stereotypes due to expectations placed upon them?
Stereotype threat.
What term describes problems where the solution comes suddenly and without conscious awareness of the process?
Insight problems.
Provide an example of a problem that may require deep understanding before attempting a solution.
Solving a mystery novel where clues must be interpreted correctly to identify the culprit.
Provide an example of how a person's physical environment can affect their problem-solving abilities.
A chef solving a cooking-related problem more effectively in a kitchen environment than in a classroom.
Provide an example of how stereotype threat can affect math problem-solving performance.
A female student underperforming in math exams due to anxiety caused by the stereotype that girls are not good at math.
Provide an example of an insight problem that requires a sudden shift in perspective to solve.
The "Nine-Dot Problem" where participants must draw four straight lines without lifting the pen and crossing every dot.
Well-defined problems are always easier to understand than ill-defined ones.
True. Well-defined problems have clear parameters and goals.
Embodied cognition views problem-solving as a purely mental process, unaffected by physical sensations.
False. Embodied cognition emphasizes the integration of physical experiences with cognitive processes.
Gender differences in math problem-solving abilities are solely due to biological factors.
False. Social and cultural factors, including stereotypes, can contribute to gender differences in math performance.
Noninsight problems always follow a clear, linear problem-solving path.
False. Noninsight problems can also involve creative thinking and non-linear problem-solving strategies.
What term refers to the ability to see a problem from different perspectives, aiding in understanding?
Cognitive flexibility.
What term refers to the phenomenon where problem-solving abilities are enhanced when situated in a context similar to where the problem occurs?
Contextual facilitation.
What term refers to the phenomenon where individuals disidentify with a domain, such as math, due to stereotypes associated with their group?
Disidentification.
What term refers to problems that are solved through gradual progression and systematic reasoning?
Noninsight problems.