Chapter 12
In ___________________, you begin with some specific premises that are generally true, and you need to judge whether those premises allow you to draw a particular conclusion, based on the principles of logic
deductive reasoning
What is the meaning of conjugate reinforcement technique ?
a mobile hang above a young infant’s crib; a ribbon connects the infant’s ankle and the mobile, so that the infant’s kicks will make the mobile move
People who have a maximizing decision-making style are?
Maximizers
What is a reasoning task that describes the relationship between conditions?
Conditional Reasoning Task
Massed learning is when you learn the material all at _____.
once
The hindsight bias occurs when an event has __________.
happened
A syllogism consists of _______ statements that we must assume to be true, plus a conclusion.
Two statements
Spaced learning is when your practice is distributed _____________
over time
The term ______________ describes the overconfidence that your own view is correct in a confrontational situation
my-side bias
Propositional calculus, which is a system for categorizing the four kinds of reasoning used in analyzing _____________ or statements.
propositions
Refers to your memory for experiences and information that are related to yourself.
Autobiographical memory
According to the planning fallacy, people typically underestimate the amount of time (or money) required to complete a project; they also estimate that the task will be relatively easy to ___________.
complete
When contemporary psychologists study reasoning and decision making, they may adopt ?
a dual-process theory
People who have a satisficing decision-making style are?
Satisficers
_________________ means that your confidence judgments are higher than they should be based on your actual performance on the task.
Overconfidence