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Definition and findings from Goal Setting Theory
Purpose of MBO programs
Model for Goal Setting
Critisms/Results for MBO
100
Fill in the blanks: Goal setting is a process intended to increase ________ and _______ by specifying the desired outcomes toward which indivuduals, teams and organization should work towards.
Efficiency and effectiveness
100
DOUBLE JEAPORDY!!!!! (aka: the team will receive double the point value if you answer BOTH parts of the question, fail and only answer one part results in HALF the point value...) What does MBO stand for? And give the definition.
Management by objective: technique used by organizations to set goals.
100
True of False: There is only one way of implementing an MBO program.
False: there are many ways.
100
What are the top criticims (given in the first sentence of the section) for MBO program?
Expensive and time consuming
200
Goals give _____ and _______.
Direction and purpose
200
What are the two reasons for implementing MBO in an organization?
1. To clarify the organization's goals and plans at all levels. 2. To gain better motivation and participation from the members.
200
What is the typical first step in the MBO program?
The program typically begins with the management team setting up broad measures of the organizational performance.
200
In some cases, what does management not recognize for proper implementation for the program *hint* MBO requires managerial _____ and _______.
managerial skills and competence
300
What is the basic premise of goal setting theory?
The actions of individuals are regulated by their conscious intentions and values.
300
Participation in the goal setting process allows managers to ________ and ___ ________ by measuring performance and results against the objectives subordinates helped to set.
Control and monitor performance
300
True of false: Goal setting sessions are held at various organizational levels, moving from top down.
True
300
True or false: Although the reseach is not conclusive, the MBO program is associated with negative attitudes toward the work situation.
False: the program is associated with POSITIVE attitudes
400
What are the first 4 findings listed in the book of the 8 goal setting findings?
1. More difficult goals produce better performance 2. Specific hard goals are better than "do your best" goals 3. People may abandon goals if they become too hard 4. Participation in setting goals increases commitment and attainment of goals
400
According to Douglas McGregor, he suggested a modified approach to MBO under what concept?
Under the concept of "management by integration and self-control
400
DOUBLE JEAPORDY!!!! (answer both parts correctly, the team will receive double the points, only answer part of the question and the team will only receive half of the points) Identify AND correct the error: Step 1: The subordinate proposes to manager a set of goals. Step 2: The subordinate creates indivdual goals, without management input. This is to encourage empowerment.
Error: Step 2: The subordinate and manager JOINTY develop a specific set of goals.
400
Identify the error: In the past, although MBO received publicity, expectations remained the same.
In the past MBO received publicity and expectations ROSE TO UNREALISTIC LEVELS.
500
What are the 8 findings from the goal setting theory?
1. More difficult goals produce better performance 2. Specific hard goals are better than "do your best" goals 3. People may abandon goals if they become too hard 4. Participation in setting goals increases commitment and attainment of goals 5. Feedback and goals improve performance 6. Individual differences tend not to affect goal setting 7. Goal setting in teams deserves special consideration 8. Managerial Support is critical ?
500
Regardless if people participate, they will work hard and perform better with challenging goals.
People will worker harder and have better perfomance if they DO participate in goal setting.
500
List the 5 steps of the MBO program.
1. The subordinate proposes to the manager a set of goals for upcoming period. 2. The subordinate and the manger jointly develop specific goals and targets. 3. Period of performance. 4. Management gives feedback. 5. The outcome of the performance review is the basis of setting new goals.
500
In the summary section, what are the 2 reasons for failure of the MBO program?
The failure for the MBO program is due in part to unrealistic expectations by management and part due to improper implementation.