Social Groups & Identity
The _______ suggests that primates have large brains, particularly large prefrontal cortices, because they live in complex, dynamic social group
What is the Social Brain Hypothesis?
Groups tend to make riskier decisions compared to individuals.
What is the risky-shift effect?
A state characterized by a reduced sense of individual identity and diminished self-regulation, often experienced when in a large group.
What is Deindividualization?
___ refers to the changing of one's behavior or believes in response to pressure from other while ____ is the obeying of orders from a person in position of authority.
What is conformity and obedience?
___ attitudes are those you know of and can report to while ___ attitudes influence feeling and behaviors at a unconsious level
What is explicit and implicit attitudes?
Define ingroup and outgroup
Ingroups: Groups to which people belong.
Outgroups: Groups to which people do not belong
A mode of thinking that occurs within cohesive groups where the desire for unanimity overrides the motivation to consider alternative courses of action.
What is groupthink?
What happens to self-awareness when in large crowds?
Self-awareness tends to decrease in large groups, leading individuals to feel less personally responsible for their actions.
As a result, people may behave in ways they normally wouldn’t—often becoming more impulsive, anonymous, or rule-breaking—a key feature of deindividuation.
the __ study investigated the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could influence an individual to conform, even when the group was clearly wrong
What is Asch Line Study
What is the factors that can affect persuasion?
What is - Source of message, content of message, and receiver of message.
The tendency to favor one's own group, which can manifest as doing more favors or being more forgiving towards ingroup members.
What is ingroup favoritism?
The tendency for individuals to exert less effort when their contributions are pooled with those of others towards a common goal, compared to when they are individually accountable.
What is social loafing?
The ___ study found that children in larger, more anonymous groups often took more candy.
What is halloween?
a study where a surprisingly high proportion of ordinary people are willing to obey authority figures, even when doing so conflicts with their personal conscience and may cause harm to others.
What is the Milgram Shock Experiment?
What route lets people think carefully about the content of the message while the other route attends to the mental shortcuts to the message?
What is central route and peripheral route?
The perception that individuals within an outgroup are more similar to each other than individuals within an ingroup.
What is the outgroup homogeneity effect?
Group decisions often become more extreme than individual decisions. This occurs because discussion among like-minded individuals tends to strengthen their pre-existing attitudes.
What is Group polarization?
Feeling less accountable when unobserved.
What is anonymity?
given small request makes you more
likely to comply with later larger request
A sense of discomfort arising
from two conflicting thoughts or a conflicting thought and
behavior.
What is congnitive dissonance?
The _____ demonstrates this — individuals allocate more resources to ingroup members even when the group is meaningless, showing how easily group bias forms.
Minimal Group Paradigm
What theory explains how the prescence of other can either hinder or facilitate a task? and how does it work?
What is Zajonc's Theory and Mere Prescence? and What is physiological arousal?
When Dr. Zambrano hosts a lecture hall with more than 200 students. Some students are more likely to do things that they wouldn't in a smaller lecture hall. (e.g. playing on their phones and/or having conversation)
What is deindividualization?
people more likely to agree to small request
after refusing large request
What is Door-in-the-face technique?
Participants were paid a specfic amount of money to lie about a boring task by saying it was interesting. Some participants found that when they were paid only a dollar, they found that the task was more intresting. They were experiencing what?
What is Insufficent justification?