What is the name of the book written by Niccolo Machiavelli which described how a prince should use trickery to rule his kingdom but must APPEAR to be good.
100
Martin Luther
Who was the first leader of the Protestant Reformation, who protested against the injustices of the Roman Catholic Church, especially the sales of indulgences?
100
Ulrich Zwingli
What is the name given to the priest in Zurich, Switzerland who continued the Protestant Reformation in Europe - he abolished all paintings, decorations, relics, and images in favor of a simple church service?
100
Catholic or Counter Reformation
What is the name given to the reaction of the Catholic Church to the Protestant Reformation - it made its own reforms to strenthen the Catholic faith and stop people converting to Protestantism?
100
humanism
What is the name given to the key intellectual movement of the Renaissance that was based on the study of the classics (works of ancient Greece and Rome)?
200
secular
What is another word for wordly - used to describe the new viewpoint of the world, in which people were interested in non-religious ideas.
200
Christian humanism
What is the name for the movement that wanted to reform the Catholic Church, and which believed in the ability of human beings to reason and improve themselves by reading the classics and basic works of Christianity?
200
predestination
What is the name given to the term that John Calvin used to express the idea that God knows even before a person is born who will be saved?
200
The Jesuits
What is the name given to a group of people called the "Society of Jesus" led by a Spanish nobleman, Ignatius of Loyola. They pledged complete obedience to the Pope, and wanted to spread the Catholic faith through education?
200
Petrach
What is the name given to the "father of Italian Renaissance humanism?"
300
urban society
What is the name given to the kind of society represented in the Italian city-states of Milan, Venice, and Florence, where the growth of wealth encouraged an interest in material or worldy things?
300
Desiderius Erasmus
What is the name of the leading Christian humanist, who called his view of religion the "philosophy of Christ," and who wrote "The Praise of Folly?"
300
Anglican Church or Church of England
What is the name of the new church in England that Herny VIII started when the Pope refused to annul his marriage to his first wife, Catherine of Aragon?
300
The Council of Trent
What is the name given to the meetings beginning in March 1545 by Catholic officials in Trent, in which Catholic teachings were reaffirmed in opposition to Protestant beliefs?
300
vernacular
What is the type of literature written by Dante and Geoffrey Chaucer that used the language spoken in their own regions, instead of Latin?
400
Baldassare Castiglione
What is the name of the Italian author who wrote the book entitled The Book of the Courtier, which described how a nobleman at court should behave?
400
The Ninety-Five Theses
What is the name given to the list of complaints against the Catholic Church that Martin Luther nailed to the church door at Wittenberg, Germany?
400
Anabaptists
What is the name given to the radical Protestant group who believed in following the practices of early Christianity - all Christians were considered equals and priests, and they refused to bear arms or hold public office?
400
Faith and good works
What is the name given to the two ideas that Catholics believed were necessary for salvation?
400
fresco
What is the name given to painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water-based paints - the Italin artist Masaccio was a great painter of this type of art?
500
Leonard da Vinci
What is the name of the great Italian artist who best represents the new, well-rounded "Renaissance man," who was talented in many areas?
500
The Peace of Augsburg
What is the name of the peace settlement in 1555 between the Protestants and Catholics in Germany that ended religious warfare in that country?
500
The Edict of Worms
What is the name of the law by which Charles V, the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, made Martin Luther an outlaw from society?
500
justification by faith alone
What is the name given to the new Protestant belief of Martin Luther that opposed the traditional Catholic belief that people were saved by both faith and good works, and declared that people only needed faith to be saved?
500
Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo
What are the names of the three great masters of High Renaissance art?