12.1 The causes of weather
Short-term variations in atmospheric phenomena that interact and affect the environment and life on Earth
Weather
Wind zones between 60֯ N latitude and north pole, and 60 ֯S latitude and the south pole
Polar easterlies
Measures temperature using the Fahrenheit or Celsius scale
Thermometer
On a map, lines that show equal pressure
Isobar
When advancing warm air displaces cold air
Warm front
The long-term average of variations in weather for a particular area
Climate
The wind systems on earth located between latitudes 30 ֯N and 60 ֯N and 30 ֯S and 60 ֯S
Prevailing westerlies
Measures air pressure
Barometer
On a map, lines that show equal temperature
Isotherm
When cold, dense air displaces warm air, which is less dense, up along a steep slope
Cold front
A large volume of air that has the same characteristics, such as humidity and temperature, as its source region
Air mass
Two circulation belts of wind between latitudes 30 ֯N and 30 ֯S
Trade Winds
Measures humidity
Hygrometer
A record of weather data for a particular site at a particular time
Station model
When one cold front overtakes another cold front
Occluded front
The area over which an air mass forms
Source region
A narrow band of fast wind
Jet Stream
Measures wind speed
Anemometer
Created by applying physical principles and mathematics to atmospheric variables and then making a prediction of how these variables will change over time
Digital forecast
When fluids and objects move in an apparent curved path rather than a straight line
Coriolis effect
The study of atmospheric phenomena
Meteorology
A narrow region between two air masses of different densities
Front
An instrument used to gather upper-atmospheric data
Radiosonde
Based on a comparison of current weather patterns to similar weather patterns from the past
Analog forecast
Doppler Effect