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Important Definitions
All about endocrine glands
Hormones
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100

What are hormones?

Substances secreted by endocrine glands.

100

Which gland plays an important role in sleep patterns?

Pineal gland; it secrets melatonin
100

TRUE OR FALSE: 

All hormones are inorganic substances.

FALSE

100

TRUE OR FALSE: 

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) affects hair growth.

FALSE

100

TRUE OR FALSE: 

Exocrine glands secrete hormones.

FALSE; Only endocrine glands secrete hormones

200

What are exocrine glands?

Glands that have ducts that open onto an internal or external surface.
200

Which gland sits on top of the kidneys like a hat?

Adrenal glands

200

What do tropic hormones do?

Stimulate other glands to release hormones.

200

Which hormone has peak levels during puberty?

Growth hormone 

200
When there is a prolonged increased level of hormones, would up-regulation or down-regulation occur? 
Down-regulation; lots of fish in the pond so less fishing poles are needed 
300

What is up-regulation?

The process of target cells increasing the number of receptors when there is a prolonged decreased level of hormones; casting more lines into the pond when there is a small amount of fish

300
The pituitary gland is divided into two sections. The _____ portion and the _____ portion.

Anterior and posterior

300

How does growth hormone affect body cells?

Growth hormone causes body cells to increase in size and undergo more rapid cell division.

300

What hormone stimulates the production of milk?

Prolactin (PRL)
300

Do steroid hormones or non-steroid hormones need assistance crossing cell membranes?

Non-steroid hormones because steroid hormones are lipid-soluble.

400

What are paracrine secretions?

Secretions that affect neighboring cells.

400

Iodine is important for which gland?

Thyroid

400
TRUE OR FALSE:


Most hormones in our body are steroid or steroid-like hormones.

FALSE; most hormones in the body are nonsteriod hormones 

400

Which hormone maintains stable blood glucose levels between meals?

Cortisol

400

Can stress be beneficial? 

Yes because it can warn us of potential danger (like a loud noise). 

500

What are stressors?

A factor (physical or psychological) that is capable of stimulating a sympathetic "fight or flight" response. 

500

Which gland also plays a role in the digestive system?

Pancreas

500

Which hormone has no function in males?

Oxytocin

This hormone causes smooth muscle contraction in lining of uterus (childbirth) and helps milk move from glands to ducts for nursing.

500

Which hormone is not produced until puberty? 

Follicle-stimulating hormone

500

Name one "Fight or flight" response symptom.

Increased blood glucose

Increased blood glycerol and fatty acids

Increased heart rate 

Raised blood pressure 

Increased breathing rate

Dilated air passages

Dilated pupils 

Redistributed blood flow