Terminology #1
The process of complete removal or killing of all vegetative cells, endospores, and viruses from a targeted item or environment is referred to as _____.
Fomites
The process of complete removal or killing of all vegetative cells, endospores, and viruses from a targeted item or environment is referred to as _____.
Sterilization
Which BSL utilizes a standard aseptic technique in an open laboratory bench or table, and PPE is used as needed?
BSL - 1
Heat can kill microbes by altering their _____ and denaturing _____.
Membranes; Proteins
What is the most common method used to kill heat-sensitive pathogens in milk and other food products?
Pasteruization
_____ involves a combination of protocols that collectively maintain sterility or asepsis.
Aseptic Techniques
The process of utilizing heat at a temperature low enough to preserve food quality while destroying common pathogens responsible for food poisoning is referred to as _____.
Commercial Sterilization
Which BSL involves "indigenous" agents that pose moderate risk to laboratory workers and the community?
BSL - 2
Sterilizing inoculating loops at a very high temperature in order to destroy all microorganisms is an example of _____.
Dry Heat Sterilization
True or False: Pasteurized food products are sterile and do not spoil.
False
The process of inactivation of most microbes on the surface of a fomite by utilizing antimicrobial chemicals or heat is referred to as _____.
Disinfection
_____ are chemicals that are applied on non-living objects.
Disinfectants
Which BSL requires medical surveillance, vaccinations, and a respirator?
BSL - 3
Using an autoclave with pressured steam in order to sterilize items from microorganisms is an example of _____.
Moist Heat Sterilization
What are the standards required for HTST pasteurization?
72 ℃ for 15 seconds
_____ are antimicrobial chemicals that are safe for use on living skin or tissues.
Antiseptics
The process of applying an antiseptic is referred to as _____.
Antisepsis
Which BSL requires a full body protective suit and HEPA air filtered air supply?
BSL - 4
What is the standard temperature and pressure required for the autoclave?
121 ℃; 15 psi pressure; 15 minutes
What are the standards required for UHT pasteurization?
138 ℃ for 2 or more seconds
The process of gently scrubbing living tissue with a mild chemical in order to reduce microbial numbers to avoid transmission is referred to as _____.
Degerming
The cleansing of fomites to remove enough microbes to achieve levels deemed safe for public health is known as _____.
Sanitization
List the four factors that determine the BSL:
Infectivity of the agent
Ease of transmission of the agent
Potential disease severity of the agent
Type of work being done with the agent
What culture is the gold standard used to determine the effectiveness and performance of an autoclave?
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Refrigerators used in home kitchens or in laboratories should maintain temperatures between _____ and _____.
0 ℃; 7 ℃