Vocabulary
contradict p359
to imply the opposite
Sir Isaac Newton p362
English scientist known for his law of gravity and laws of motion
How did the Europeans discovery of America affect the Scientific Revolution?
It made European thinkers start to question other ideas of Greek authorities
What did Tycho Brahe contribute to the Scientific Revolution?
charted the positions of the stars; emphasized the importance of careful observations and detailed, accurate records
What subjects did Newton study?
Physics, Math, Astronomy, Natural Philosophy
Nicholas Copernicus p359
Polish astronomer whose book On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres was thought to have marked the beginning of the Scientific Revolution
barometer p363
a scientific instrument that measures air pressure
If you were Nicholas Copernicus would you have published your theories? Why or why not?
No, because the risk was too high; Yes, because the risk was worth taking to spread knowledge
What were two major achievements in astronomy?
the discovery of the orbit of the planets and the use of a telescope to study the sky
What got Newton thinking about the mysterious force of gravity?
According to legend, he saw an apple fall from the tree in his garden
Tycho Brahe p360
important Danish astronomer of the Scientific Revolution who is remembered for his emphasis on the importance of careful observation and detailed accurate records
This scientist invented calculus, an advanced form of mathematics that scientists us to solve complex problems
Sir Isaac Newton
Name two Greek rationalists that European scholars studied during the Renaissance
Aristotle and Ptolemy
How does Galileo justify his search for knowledge?
He points out that he did not create the heavens; he is just studying what God placed there in order to advance science
What do Newton's laws of motions explain?
How and why objects move
Johannes Kepler p360
German astronomer and assistant to Tycho Brahe who observed that planets move in elliptical, or oval, orbits instead of circular ones
This scientist was the first person to study the sky with a telescope and discovered craters and mountains on the moon
Galileo Galilei
Who was the first astronomer to say that planets orbit the sun?
Copernicus
What was Galileo's key contribution to the development of science?
the practice of routinely using experiments to test theories
What did Newton invent based on his discovery in optics?
The reflecting telescope
Galilleo Galilei p361
Know as the father of experimental science because he was the first scientist to routinely use experiments to test his theories
This scientist charted the positions of more than 750 stars
Tycho Brahe
How did the views of Copernicus and Kepler on the movement of the planets differ?
Copernicus thought that the planets' orbits were circular; Kepler probed that the orbits are elliptical
How do you think Galileo reacted to seeing mountains on the moon?
Galileo realized that the moon and Earth are similar in some ways or that similar forces created both of them
Why was Newton knighted?
He received his knighthood as a reward for his work as the master of the royal mint in London and for reforming English currency