Attribution
What is the tendency to explain someone's behavior by looking at their personal characteristics, instead of situational factors?
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The belief that one’s culture is superior to others is called this.
What is ethnocentrism?
This type of aggression is intended to secure a particular goal, like taking a doll from someone.
What is instrumental aggression?
The central route to persuasion involves focusing on what type of message?
What is logical arguments?
This term refers to when individuals exert less effort when working in a group than when working alone.
What is social loafing?
This type of attribution occurs when someone attributes their own actions to external factors, rather than internal ones.
What is self-serving bias?
The opposite of ethnocentrism, recognizing the value of diverse cultural contributions, is known as this.
What is multiculturalism?
This theory suggests that frustration increases the likelihood of aggressive behavior.
What is the frustration-aggression hypothesis?
When people adjust their attitudes to match those of a group, this is called what?
What is either Normative or Informational Social Influence
The tendency to make poor decisions due to a desire for harmony and conformity within a group is called this.
What is groupthink?
When people tend to attribute others’ actions to their character rather than external circumstances, it is called this.
What is dispositional attribution?
This term describes when people are more likely to help others when they feel responsible for the situation.
What is diffusion of responsibility?
According to Bandura's experiment, observing aggressive behavior can lead to this type of behavior.
What is observational learning?
This technique involves asking for a large request, then following it with a smaller, more reasonable request.
What is the door-in-the-face technique?
This phenomenon occurs when individuals in a group lose their self-restraint and act in ways they normally wouldn't, such as during riots.
What is deindividuation?
This bias occurs when people believe they are less likely to make fundamental attribution errors than others.
What is the actor-observer bias?
The theory that prejudice can be reduced when groups work toward a common goal is known as this.
What is contact theory?
This term describes behavior that benefits others, like helping someone in distress
What is prosocial behavior?
This phenomenon occurs when people are persuaded by the emotional appeal or the positive feelings associated with a message, rather than the actual content or facts.
What is peripheral route persuasion?
In Zimbardo’s famous experiment, what role did the students take on that led to cruel and hostile behavior?
What are guards?
According to the theory, people tend to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external factors in order to protect their self-esteem.
What is the self-serving bias?
When individuals believe their group (in-group) is more diverse than other groups (out-groups), this phenomenon is called what?
What is out-group homogeneity bias?
The phenomenon where the larger the group of people witnessing an emergency, the less likely any one person is to intervene is called what?
What is the bystander effect?
The self-perception theory suggests that people develop attitudes based on their behaviors. Which concept does this align with in terms of how attitudes are influenced?
What is cognitive dissonance?
When people are part of a group and are exposed to persuasive arguments they hadn’t thought of before, this may lead to this type of decision-making.
What is group polarization?