Define
Colony
a territory dominated by a foreign state to exploit it
What did Indigenous people primarily trade/provide Europeans with?
Beaver fur (and others)
In 1492 who sailed the Ocean blue?
Christopher Columbus
1534, 1535, 1541
Samuel Champlain 1604
trading post
an establishment where Natives and Europeans met to trade (and store)
which group of Indigenous people allied with the French?
Algonquin
Which European group reached North America prior Columbus?
Vikings circa 11th c
what "precious" metals did Cartier find?
pyrite (fool's gold) and quartz
Where does Cajun food come from?
Acadia
Confluence
Where 2 rivers meet.
What trade items did Indigenous people get from Europeans? name 3
glass beads,
axes,
knives,
hammers,
nails
clothing
Which area did the Ottoman Turks conquer and when?
Constantinople/Instanbul in 1453
What modern areas are Hochelaga and Stadacona?
Hochelaga = Montreal
Stadacona = Quebec city
What type of economy did Acadia have?
Fishing
Fort
How did trade change the Indigenous world? (3)
1. Focus on trade rather than subsistence to sustain livelihood which led to an increase in hunting
2. overexploitation led to scarcity of animals
3. traditional alliances challenged due to competitiveness in trading with Europeans (more war, conflict, etc.)
Which 2 main resources did Newfoundland fishermen seek out?
Whales for Oil
What were his objectives during his 3rd voyage and what was the outcome?
evangelize and establish a colony
failed at both
What was Sable Island and what happened to it?
A small, failed colony from 1599-1603 consisting mostly of beggars, soldiers, and criminals.
Evangelization
Convert people to Christianity by preaching the gospel
France had 4 goals, name them.
1. find new route to Asia
2. Create a colonial empire
3. evangelize natives
4. find precious metals (mercantilism)
Summarize his 3 voyages
1. find route to asia with 2 ships. Claimed Gaspe for france with a big wooden cross
2. 3 ships, reached Hochelaga, stayed in Stadacona. 1/4 crew died from scurvy. Conflict with Iroquois and left in 1536 (kidnapped some of them)
3. goal to evangelize. 2 forts in Stadacona Charlesbourg Royal and stayed for winter. thought he found precious metals and returned. Roberval and other colonists remained but gave up in 1543 following a harsh winter.
Describe the events of Ile Saint-Croix (where, founding date, what happened)
Located in Bay of Fundy (Nova scotia, NB, Maine) in 1604 but colonists moved to the mainland after a harsh winter. They came to Port Royal (nova scotia) in 1605 and ultimately abandoned it in 1607