Vocab 1
What is an amendment?
A change to the Constitution
What is a jury?
A group of citizens who are chosen to decide the outcome of a trial
1st Amendment
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition
2nd Amendment
The right to own a gun
What are the Bill of Rights?
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution that protect the rights and freedoms of American citizens
What does ratify mean?
To approve; to make a written document official by signing it
3rd Amendment
No quartering of soldiers without the consent of the homeowner
4th Amendment
Protection against unreasonable search and seizure
What does prejudice mean?
Having a negative judgment or opinion of something or someone that is not based on facts
What does due process mean?
Proper legal procedures, such as a fair trial
6th Amendment
- the right to a fair, public, and speedy trial by jury
- juries must be impartial
- accused people have the right to a lawyer
5th Amendment
- protects citizens against double jeopardy
- says the government cannot force people to be witnesses against themselves
- says people have the right to remain silent
- requires the government to compensate citizens when it takes private property for public use
What is an appeal?
To request that a case or decision be reviewed by a higher court
What does civil mean?
Non criminal cases involving disputes among individuals about property, money, or other personal matters
7th Amendment
Right to settle civil disputes in a jury trial
8th Amendment
The right to fair and reasonable punishment when a law is broken (no cruel or unusual punishment)
Why did Mary and John Tinker's parents file a suit against the school district?
They claimed that the school had violated the students' free speech rights.
What is the significance of Tinker v. Des Moines?
This case expanded the rights of students in terms of free speech within schools.
10th Amendment
Any power not given to the government by the Constitution belongs to the states or people
9th Amendment
Citizens are entitled to rights not listed in the Constitution