Imp.
What is Imperalism
Policy of one's country's political, economic, or cultural domination over other lands and territories.
Why was North Africa important?
Its connection to the Mediterranean Sea.
When was the Suez Canal finished and what was its significance?
Finished in 1869, it was a lifeline to India and Asia.
What did British merchants import and what did the Chinese export?
British imported opium; Chinese exported tea.
How did the British take advantage of Indian disunity?
The East India Company pitted princes against each other.
How was the standard of living affected by imperialism?
The rise or fall of prices for cash crops affected the standards of living in the colonies.
What two parts of Africa did Islam spread to first?
North and West Africa
What Balkan states broke away from the Ottomans?
Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Romania.
What was the outcome of the Taiping Rebellion?
Deadliest civil war in history, causing 20-30 million deaths and emptying entire regions. This led to the decline of the Qing dynasty
Why did Muslims in India form the Muslim League?
To protect the rights and interests of Muslims in India.
What is New Imperialism?
A period in which industrial nations scrambled for territories for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods.
What was the driving force for colonization in Africa?
Desire for adventure and trading opportunities.
How did the Armenian Genocide start?
Muslim Turks accused Christian Armenians of supporting Russian plans against the Ottoman Empire.
What was the Outcome of the First Opium War? Atleast two
Gave Hong Kong to the British, opened five Chinese ports for trade, and required China to pay damages.
What did Indian nationalists create, and what did they want?
In 1885, they organized the Indian National Congress to advocate for Indian rights.
How did Europeans want to expand global markets?
A period in which industrial nations scrambled for territories that would provide them with raw materials and serve as markets for their manufactured goods.
What were the key points of the Berlin Conference? Atleast two
1. Leopold could have private claim of the Congo;
2. Free trade for the Congo and Niger Rivers;
3. European claims required a government office.
What was the Great Game?
A battle between Russia and Britain for influence in Persia, Afghanistan, Tibet, and the Ottoman Empire.
What was the outcome of the Second Opium War? Atleast two
Opened 10 more ports for foreigners, legalized Christian missionary work, and legalized the opium trade.
What did the British bring to India?
Telegraph systems, transformed agriculture, and medical improvements.
How were Western nations able to defeat large empires? At least 3 reasons
Large empires in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia were weakened by internal conflict and wars, while the West had strong economies, organized governments, advanced technology, and powerful militaries.
How was Ethiopia able to survive the Scramble for Africa?
Menelik II hired European experts to modernize (westernize) the infrastructure and military.
What was the outcome of the Crimean War? At least two
The Black Sea was closed to warships, weakening Russia; shipping on the Danube River was opened; Alexander II reformed Russia.
What was the Canton System?
Westerners could only trade through Canton for a specific time and could not bring weapons or learn Chinese.
What policies did the East India Company implement? Atleast three
Improved roads, reduced banditry, preserved peace, and introduced Western education and legal administration.