Bacterial Gene Regulation
Consists of an operator, promoter, and the genes they control
What is an operon?
Promotes transcription of chromatin structures
What is Histone Acetylation?
Small single-stranded RNA molecules that are capable of binding to complementary sequences in mRNA molecules
What is a microRNA?
A single-stranded nucleic acid that’s DNA or RNA
What is a nucleic acid probe?
Accumulates when glucose is scarce in the lac operon
What is cyclic AMP?
The addition of 5’ cap and poly-a tail + splicing out introns
What is RNA Processing? What is Pre-mRNA -> Mature mRNA?
Another class of small RNAs that are similar in size and function to miRNAs
What are siRNAs?
Single-stranded DNA fragments that depicts genes in a grid
What is a DNA microarray assay?
Acts as the corepressor in the Trp operon
What is Tryptophan?
Responsible for expanding the human genome
What is Alternative RNA Splicing?
In addition to affecting mRNAs, __ _____ can cause remodeling of chromatin structure.
What are small RNAs?
Double-stranded DNA that’s synthesized by DNA polymerase in RT-PCR
What is cDNA?
In the lac operon, is needed to turn on the operon by inactivating the repressor. (Name both the general name and specific name for this operon)
What is an inducer and Allolactose?
Regulates how long each protein functions in the cell
What is selective degradation?
The blocking of gene expression of genes with related sequences
What is RNAi?
A complementary DNA copy of mRNA
What is a reverse transcript?
Lactose present, glucose scarce (cAMP level high): abundant lac mRNA synthesized. All components present. (HINT: skip "DNA", "promoter", "operator", and "genes needed". Be specific!)
What is cAMP, CAP, CAP-Binding Site, RNA polymerase, lac repressor, and allolactose?
Inheritance of traits transmitted by mechanisms not directly involving the nucleotide sequence of a genome
What is Epigenetic Inheritance?
Regulation by both small and large ncRNAs is known to occur at __________.
What are several points in the pathway of gene expression?
Making many copies of a certain stretch of double-stranded DNA by using primers
What is PCR (step)?