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The 20th President of the United States who was assassinated in 1881
James Garfield
A person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, often through donations or funding of charitable causes.
Philanthropist
A work stoppage initiated by workers as a form of protest against their employer.
Strike
A court order that requires an individual or entity to stop a certain action or behavior
Injunction
A railroad company that helped build the First Transcontinental Railroad in the United States.
Union Pacific
The 21st President of the United States who succeeded James Garfield after his assassination.
Chester A. Arthur
A large business or organization that is recognized as a separate legal entity from its owners.
Corporation
An economic theory that advocates for minimal government interference in the economy.
Laissez-faire
A violent confrontation between police and labor protesters in Chicago in 1886 during a labor strike for an eight-hour workday
Haymarket Riot
Another railroad company involved in the construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad.
Central Pacific
The 23rd President of the United States who signed the Sherman Antitrust Act into law.
Benjamin Harrison
A legal arrangement where a person or group manages property or assets on behalf of others.
Trust
A U.S. federal law passed in 1887 that regulated the railroad industry, particularly in relation to rates and practices.
Interstate Commerce Act
A national federation of labor unions founded in 1886 that focused on organizing skilled workers into craft unions.
American Federation of Labor
An inventor credited with inventing the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
The 22nd and 24th President of the United States, known for his honesty and commitment to reform
.Grover Cleveland
An economic system characterized by private ownership of the means of production and the pursuit of profit
Capitalism
A U.S. federal law passed in 1890 that aimed to promote competition and prevent monopolies by prohibiting certain business practices that restrict free trade.
Sherman Antitrust Act
A labor union founded in 1869 that advocated for an eight-hour workday and other workers' rights.
Knights of Labor
: A prolific American inventor known for inventions like the phonograph and the electric light bulb.
Thomas Edison
A wealthy industrialist and philanthropist who was one of the richest Americans in history. He led the expansion of the steel industry in the late 19th century
Andrew Carnegie
The belief or attitude that places excessive importance on material possessions rather than spiritual or intellectual values
Materialism
Negotiations between employers and labor unions to determine wages, working conditions, and other terms of employment.
Collective Bargaining
An American business magnate who founded the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry in the late 19th century.
John D. Rockefelle
An immigration station located in New York Harbor where millions of immigrants arrived in the United States
Ellis Island