16.1
what is public policy?
a set of laws and regulations and courses of action established by a government to address societal issues.
Who were the muckrakers?
They're investigative journalists who exposed corruption.
When did they begin developing social welfare policy?
During the Great Depression.
What is the goal of policy analysis?
To inform decision makers of all the possible choices.
What are the two main categories of federal spending?
Mandatory and discretionary spending.
what is an outcome when it comes to public policy?
end results or effects of government action and decisions, reflecting how effectively policies achieve their intended goals.
what is free-market economics
one without government interference.
What is the primary benefit of Social Security?
The retirement benefit.
Who are typically effective policy advocates?
The most effective are usually hired professionals.
Why did the Great Depression challenge laissez-faire economics?
Because the economy failed to recover on its own, showing that the government needed to intervene.
During the 1930's what was one public policy the government created to help the people during the great depression.
Medicaid, Medicare, Special Supplement Nutrition Program for Woman
what is one example of distributive policy?
transcontinental railroad.
What agencies promote civilian research in the U.S.?
The National Science Foundation.
What is AARP’s primary role in advocacy?
Their primary job is to convince the government to provide public resources to senior citizens.
Why do Keynesians support mandatory spending?
Keynesians supports mandatory spending to help maintain minimal consumption levels.
Under which president did the government begin to make programs ?
Franklin Roosevelt
What did Theodore Lowi argue about?
he argued that it was possible to categorize policy based upon the degree to which cost and benefits were concentrated on the few or diffused across the many but concentrated direct benefits on selected few.
How is Social Security funded?
It is funded by a 12.4 percent payroll tax on all wages.
What was surprising about AARP’s position in the 2002 Medicare debate?
AARP supported a Republican proposal
What portion of mandatory spending goes to federal employee benefits?
About 14%