This term refers to the process by which bacteria replicate.
What is binary fission
100
These bases have a single-ring structure
What are pyrimidines
100
These are the coding segments of a stretch of eukaryotic DNA
What are exons
100
A codon consists of this many bases
What is 3
100
this type of mutation shifts the reading frame of an mRNA
What is a frameshift mutation
200
This term refers to the process in which RNA is created from a DNA template.
What is transcription
200
These bases have a 2-ring structure
What are purines
200
This molecule is responsible for transporting the genetic code out of nuclear pores in eukaryotes for translation.
What is mRNA
200
These structures contain anticodons
What is tRNA
200
Insertion or deletion of a basepair would result in this type of mutation.
What is a frameshift mutation.
300
This term refers to the process that occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle.
What is replication
300
In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, it can be said that A + C would be equal to
What is G + T
300
G-C base pairs have this many hydrogen bonds between them.
What is 3
300
_________ amino acids are contained in a protein that is coded for by a strand of mRNA that is 60 nucleotides long.
What is 20
300
This type of substitution point mutation changes one basepair and results in a different amino acid being translated into the resulting polypeptide.
What is a missense mutation.
400
This term refers to the process in which mRNA is ‘read’ to create protein.
What is translation
400
This enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction
What is DNA polymerase
400
A segment of DNA would become denatured (split open) at a lower temperature if it contained more _____,_____ base pairs, since they are held together by fewer hydrogen bonds.
What are A-T base pairs
400
These 2 bonds are responsible for joining amino acids during translation.
What is covalent and peptide
400
This type of substitution point mutation changes one basepair and results in a premature stop codon being translated into the resulting polypeptide.
What is a nonsense mutation.
500
This term refers to the process where foreign DNA is taken up and expressed by a cell.
What is transformation
500
These results from the discontinuous elongation of a DNA strand in the 3’ to 5’ direction
What are Okazaki fragments
500
An activator is a sequence-specific ______-binding protein that is present in some tissues but not in other tissues, that allows for specific gene expression.
What is DNA
500
before eukaryotic mRNA can be translated it undergoes extensive alteration that includes addition of a 3'_______, a 5'________ and excision of __________.
What is a poly A tail, cap, introns
500
A ________ mutation could result in the replacement of a different amino acid. Such a mutation would most likely result in altered properties of the molecule as a result of abnormal interactions between adjacent subunits of the protein.