Content Theories of Motivation
Which of the following is the first level in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
A. Safety needs
B. Belongingness needs
C. Physiological needs
D. Esteem needs
C. Physiological needs
Which theory suggests motivation depends on effort, performance, and reward value?
A. Equity Theory
B. Goal-Setting Theory
C. Expectancy Theory
D. Reinforcement Theory
C. Expectancy Theory
Which type of reward comes from personal satisfaction or interest in the task?
A. Extrinsic Reward
B. Intrinsic Reward
C. Instrumentality
D. Affiliation
B. Intrinsic Reward
Managers should tailor their approach to meet what?
A. Company goals
B. Individual employee needs
C. Department budgets
D. Market trends
B. Individual employee needs
In Alderfer’s ERG Theory, which category corresponds to personal development and self-actualization?
A. Existence
B. Growth
C. Relatedness
D. Security
B. Growth
In Equity Theory, what addresses how employees react when they feel unfairly treated?
A. Valence
B. Goal-Setting
C. Reinforcement
D. Perceived inequity
D. Perceived inequity
What motivation method strengthens a behavior by either giving a positive consequence or taking away a negative one?
A. Behavior shaping
B. Equity adjustment
C. Reinforcement
D. Intrinsic motivation
C. Reinforcement
Transparent systems for recognition and compensation are part of which strategy?
A. Job Design
B. Reinforcement
C. Goal-Setting
D. Fair Reward Systems
D. Fair Reward Systems
According to Argyris’s Maturity-Immaturity Continuum, which of the following is a maturity characteristic?
A. Passive behavior
B. Strong self-awareness
C. Short-term perspective
D. Dependence on authority
B. Strong self-awareness
Which theory focuses on fairness and how employees compare their input-output ratios?
A. Goal-Setting Theory
B. Equity Theory
C. Reinforcement Theory
D. ERG Theory
B. Equity Theory
Which job design strategy increases motivation by adding variety and autonomy?
A. Job Rotation
B. Job Enlargement
C. Job Enrichment
D. Job Simplification
C. Job Enrichment
Setting these helps employees stay focused and motivated.
A. Clear Goals
B. Salaries
C. Deadlines
D. Feedback Loops
A. Clear Goals
Which of McClelland’s Acquired Needs is most associated with influencing and leading others?
A. Achievement
B. Affiliation
C. Power
D. Recognition
C. Power
Which theory focuses on how motivation begins when an individual recognizes a need and then works toward a goal to satisfy it?
A. Goal-Setting Theory
B. Expectancy Theory
C. Needs-Goal Theory
D. Self-Determination Theory
C. Needs-Goal Theory
Which type of reward is driven by external rewards like pay or promotions?
A. Intrinsic Reward
B. Affiliation
C. Extrinsic Reward
D. Growth
C. Extrinsic Reward
Creating roles that are meaningful and engaging is part of which design strategy?
A. Job Rotation
B. Job Design
C. Job Simplification
D. Job Evaluation
B. Job Design
A manager notices that an employee is frustrated by lack of career growth and starts focusing more on workplace friendships. Which theory best explains this frustration-regression behavior?
A. Alderfer’s ERG Theory
B. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
C. Argyris’s Continuum
D. McClelland’s Acquired Needs
A. Alderfer’s ERG Theory
Which theory states that motivation results in effective performance only if an individual has the necessary ability and a clear understanding of what the task requires?
A. Reinforcement Theory
B. Porter-Lawler Theory
C. ERG Theory
D. Acquired Needs Theory
B. Porter-Lawler Theory
Balancing intrinsic and extrinsic rewards helps create what kind of workplace?
A. Competitive
B. Supportive and Engaging
C. Hierarchical
D. Autonomous
B. Supportive and Engaging
Managers can boost morale by implementing what to celebrate achievements?
A. Performance Reviews
B. Training Modules
C. Recognition Programs
D. Equity Audits
C. Recognition Programs