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France
More France and Miscellaneous
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Russia
Austria/Prussia
100
In France, this is defined as the expression of the King's will.
What is law?
100
This French palace was built to tighten the king's power over the nobles. It was a hunting lodge turned palace and became a symbol of Louis XIV’s power and strength of the monarchy, was the center of French government, and was a place of prominence for nobility, who would be too busy worrying over politicking to try to usurp any power.
What is Versailles?
100
This war was a result of Charles being refused money from Parliament to raise taxes, so he disbanded them. Both sides raised troops and eventually Charles was captured and ransomed. Oliver Cromwell rose as Lord Protectorate during this war. It ended with the Stuart monarchy being reinstated for stability. Steps: Reform Monarchy Monarchy denied reform Radicalization Dictatorship Power vacuum Return to the beginning
What is the English Civil War?
100
This westernized defense method was very expensive and both helped and hurt the people of Russia.
What is a powerful military?
100
This family was defeated in 30 Years War, but they drove the Turks back in 1687 and expanded eastward.
What are the Hapsburgs?
200
This is where Kings were to act in best interests of the state for reasons known only to themselves (connects w/ “Mystery of the State”).
What is "Reason of the State"?
200
This person became king as a boy, with Cardinal Richelieu ruling for him. He: - Tried to weaken Huguenots independence (revokes Edit of Nantes) - Tried to weaken Nobility - Controlled local government officials - Sided with Protestants in 30 Years War - had a very Hobbesian view
Who is Louis XIII?
200
Unlike France where the king gained advantage over nobles with Absolutism, in England the nobles gained advantage over the king with this.
What is Constitutionalism?
200
Peter the Great fought Sweden for this in order to put Russia at the forefront of trade.
What is a warm weather port?
200
This empire included Czech, Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia and Slovenia
What is the Austrian Empire?
300
This ruler made himself into a sacred object to increase his Moral Authority. Before this, he was a boy king with Cardinal Mazarin ruling in his place.
Who is Louis XIV?
300
This theory meant that all nobles were equal, but in practice they were divided by office and wealth: King: “1st Noble” Royal Family: “Princes of the Blood” Great Nobles Middle Nobility Lower Nobility
What is the Theory of the Monarchy?
300
Henry VIII’s daughter, this ruler's image was astoundingly popular among the people, but left the English treasury empty, and paid bills by selling off Royal Lands seized from the Catholic Church.
Who is Elizabeth I?
300
This tsar was determined to make Russia a great military power through westernization.
What is Peter the Great.
300
The Prussian monarchy controlled this social class through their inclusion in the military.
What are nobles or aristocracy?
400
This is where ruling in France became a “cult” of knowledge not shared among the nobility or people.
What is “Mystery of the State”?
400
This finance minister under Louis XIV believed in Mercantilism, where wealth is tied to accumulation of gold/silver through favorable balance of trade, in which one would: - Import raw materials, export finished products to achieve a Favorable Balance of Trade - Protect industry with Tariffs and subsidies - Develop colonies for source of raw material and markets - Build infrastructure for trade
Who is Jean Baptiste Colbert?
400
Elizabeth’s cousin from Scotland, this person began the Stuart Monarchy, being the king of two countries (Scotland and England), struggling with a religious divide in England (Episcopal and Puritan), and beginning the colonization of protestants to subdue the Irish in conquered Ireland. He was generally not popular in either Scotland or England.
Who is James I?
400
Peter the Great's ruling solved tensions in Russia, but resulted in this type of ruling.
What is despotism?
400
Military became the basis for Prussian unification under this ruler, who was Fredrick William’s son.
Who is King Fredrick I?
500
French rulers created this kind of monarchy through the extension of their power through: - Extension of the Legal System: Sacred right of kings - War - Taxation
What is an absolute monarchy?
500
Effective “Public Display” was a key to this. The purpose of this was to show that the king’s will was that of the people and must be followed, where image was everything, and the king used quasi-religious rituals and ceremonies to demonstrate this. The goal was to establish a sense of “deference” to illustrate a king’s right to lead. Result: King became seen as a divine figure
What is Moral Authority?
500
In this revolution, Parliament becomes fed up with James II and negotiates a take over with William and Mary of Orange. The Declaration of Rights (ensured Parliamentary meetings) and Toleration Act (religious freedom) 1689 were accepted and these became the basis for a Constitutional Monarchy.
What is the Glorious Revolution?
500
Peter the Great tried to institute this type of economic view, but was unsuccessful in Russia.
What is Mercantalism?
500
This nation became a highly centralized and militaristic state thanks to Frederick William and his son.
What is Prussia?