Lymphatic system/
Lymph nodes
Lymph nodes
List the 5 tissues/organs of the lymphatic system
Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, red bone marrow
3 types of MALT
Tonsils, appendix, Peyer's patches
Difference between lymphatic tissues and lymphatic organs
Lymphatic tissues are diffuse
Lymphatic organs are well defined within a capsule
When does the thymus begin to shrink?
Puberty
When do you obtain innate immunity
Present from birth
Acquired during life through exposure to pathogens.
Targets a specific pathogen
Antigens trigger the immune response.
AKA Specific immunity
Adaptive immunity
Mother to baby
Natural passive immunity
What are the 3 functions of the lymphatic system?
Immunity, absorption of fats, maintenance of fluid balance
Name the 3 kinds of tonsils
Palatine, lingual, pharyngeal
Process where lymphocytes learn to recognize and attack foreign invaders
Immunocompetence
True or false: The thymus is the largest lymphatic organ
False - the largest lymphatic organ is the spleen
When do you obtain adaptive immunity?
Throughout life
Phagocytic WBC
Antimicrobial proteins
Natural killer cells
Inflammation
Fever
Aimed at a broad range of attackers.
Second line of defense (innate immunity)
Body produces antibodies after exposure to antigen
Natural active immunity
What are the 2 ducts of the lymphatic system & where do they drain?
Right lymphatic duct - right subclavian vein
Thoracic duct - left subclavian vein, drains most of the body
The tonsils most subject to infection
Palatine tonsils
What are the 2 primary lymphatic organs?
Thymus & red bone marrow
These cells mature in the thymus
T-cells
Repels a wide variety of threats so its also called nonspecific immunity
Responds immediately
Retains no memory of the pathogen
Innate immunity
This type of phagocyte, part of the 2nd line of defense, roams the body seeking out pathogens
Neutrophils
Artificial active immunity is
Results when the body makes T cells and antibodies against a disease as a result of a vaccination containing dead or weakened pathogens. In response, the body produces an immune response without developing the illness.
What is the purpose of lymph nodes?
Lymph nodes remove pathogens and other foreign material, and also serve as sites for final maturation of some types of lymphocytes and monocytes.
Mass of tissue located at back of the throat to protect against pathogens?
Tonsils
What are the 2 secondary lymphatic organs?
Lymph nodes and spleen
What are the 2 types of tissue in the spleen and what do they do?
White pulp - screens the blood for foreign antigens
Red pulp - contains erythrocyte-filled sinuses, reticular fibers, and phagocytic cells.
Why is fever beneficial?
Promotes interferon activity and prevents viruses/bacteria from replicating
______________ in mucus, tears, and saliva weakens the cell walls of certain bacteria, aiding in destruction.
Immuneglobulins, antivenoms, antitoxins
What helps the movement of lymphatic tissue?
Skeletal muscle contractions
Serves as a reservoir for beneficial gut bacteria
Appendix
Enlargement of one or more lymph nodes is called
Lymphadenopathy
What are the 4 functions of the spleen?
Immunity - white pulp screens passing blood for foreign antigens
Destruction of RBC's
Blood storage
Hematopoesis
Macrophages perform __________
Phagocytosis
Difference between cellular and humoral immunity
Cellular immunity - uses T-cells to destroy pathogens within the cell
Humoral immunity - Triggers the production of antibodies to fight pathogens
If you had chickenpox as a child, which type of immunity is that?
Natural active immunity