Europeans Search for New Trade Routes
Who controlled the trade routes to India and China during the 1300s?
Who is Italian City-States.
Who is Christopher Columbus.
In September 1519, a Portuguese captain set sail from Spain with 5 ships in hopes of finding the western route to India that Columbus had failed to find. Who was this captain? (think about a GPS).
Who is Ferdinand Magellan.
Spanish conquerors who wanted gold and glory came to Central and South America for "God, Gold, and Glory."
Who are Conquistadors.
What happened when Francisco Pizzaro and his men attacked Atahualpa, the Inca emperor and his men?
What is Atahualpa was captured because the Incas carried no weapons.
Who established a school where geographers, astronomers, and mapmakers helped sea captains improve their navigation?
Who is Prince Henry the Navigator.
Where was Christopher Columbus trying to go?
Where is the Indies to get to India and China.
Who was the first European to reach India by sailing around Africa?
In 1519, ______________________ sailed with 11 ships to the coast of Mexico to conquer the land that the Aztecs ruled.
Who is Hernando Cortes.
What is the encomienda.
Portuguese sailors first explored the western coast of ___________________ where merchants traded gold and ivory for goods from Portugal.
Where is Africa.
Columbus reached land by sailing west. The Portuguese still wanted to reach India by sailing south and then eastward. In the summer of 1497, _________________________________________ left Portugal with four ships.
Who is Vasco de Gama.
Why did Portugal and Spain want to find an all water route to China and India?
What is to gain direct access to the spices and other goods that Asia. Since Italian city-states were controlling trade between China and India and purchasing goods like silk and spices, Italian merchants sold the goods at high prices to other European states and therefore were becoming wealthy. Others countries such as Portugal and Spain wanted to become wealthy too.
Who is Montezuma.
In the 1440s, the _________________________ started buying slaves to establish their land in the Americas. They set up slave trading centers along the Gold Coast of Africa and the Gulf of Guinea.
Who are the Portugeuse.
In 1487, ____________________________ sailed around the southern tip of Africa. If the Portuguese could do this,
Who is Bartholomeu Dias.
What did Da Gama prove?
What is that an all-water route to India existed. Now the Italian city-states would no longer control trade with India and China.
Magellan's three ships had to spend three months on the Pacific Ocean waters. What foods did the crew members have to eat?
What is wormy foods, rat, and cooked leather.
Once Cortes asked for help from Indian allies to surround the city of Tenochtitlan, what was the result?
What is the Aztecs surrendered.
Who was the Spanish priest who tried to end the cruel treatment of the natives by the Spanish and suggested that Spain use African workers?
Who is Bartolome de las Casas.
Bartholomeu Dias named the southern tip of Africa _____________________________ this because of the bad weather.
What is Cape of Storms.
Who is the Portuguese.
How long did it take for Magellan's remaining and final ship to get from Spain to India?
What is three years.
In 1532, ____________________________ led 200 conquistadors to the Inca empire in South America.
Who is Francisco Pizzaro.
What are 3 reasons that in less than 20 years, small groups of Spaniards conquered two large empires in the Americas?
What is:
1. They came at the right time. (Montezuma believed an Aztec legend was coming true. Pizzaro arrived when a civil war was going on.)
2. Tribes that did not like the Aztecs or Incas joined the Spanish to fight against them.
3. The Spanish had cannons and guns. The American Indians had never seen weapons like this.
4. The Spanish had hourses.
5. The Spanish brought smallpox and measles to the Americas. The Indians had no natural protection against these diseases and millions of Indians died.