Emerging diseases
Scientists believe the first cells were this type of cell.
Prokaryotic cells.
Spherical-shaped bacteria
Cocci
The type of reproduction used by bacteria
Asexual reproduction
Bacteria that make their own food.
The transfer of a disease from an animal to a human.
Zoonosis (zoonotic disease).
These cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Prokaryotes.
Rod-shaped bacteria
Bacilli
The specific process by which one bacterial cell divides into two identical cells.
Binary fission.
Bacteria that obtain food by consuming organic matter.
Heterotrophs.
Increased international travel and global trade contribute to this aspect of disease spread.
Rapid worldwide transmission.
The first organisms probably obtained energy this way because oxygen was scarce.
Anaerobic metabolism (anaerobic respiration or fermentation).
Spiral-shaped bacteria
Spirilla (or spirochetes, depending on the specific spiral form)
During binary fission, this cellular component is copied first.
DNA (chromosome)
Autotrophs that use sunlight as their energy source.
Photoautotrophs.
- Global travel
- Deforestation
- Population growth
- Antibiotic resistance
- Increased contact with wildlife.
These organisms later released oxygen into Earth's atmosphere.
Cyanobacteria
The rigid outer layer that gives bacteria their shape.
Binary fission produces these genetically.
Identical daughter cells.
Autotrophs that obtain energy from inorganic chemicals.
Chemoautotrophs.
Explain why antibiotic resistance is considered an emerging public health concern.
Resistant bacteria survive antibiotic treatment, reproduce, and spread, making infections harder to treat.
This major atmospheric change allowed aerobic organisms to evolve.
The oxygenation of earth's atmosphere (great oxygenation event)
Match each bacterial shape with it's description.
Cocci -> Spherical
Bacilli -> Rod-shaped
Spirilla -> Spiral-shaped
Explain one advantage of binary fission.
It allows bacteria to reproduce rapidly, increase population size in a short amount of time.
Explain the difference between photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs.
Photoautotrophs use sunlight for energy, while chemoautotrophs obtain energy from inorganic chemical reactions.