Prussia
Administrative agents of central government supervising military, police, economic, and financial affairs
What is the General Directory?
Habsburg rulers
What were Maria Theresa and Joseph II?
Told peasants to seize their landlords estate
Who is Pugachev?
Took the smallest slice of land
What did Prussia do?
He established laws, administrative institutions, and language of Castile in the other Spanish kingdoms
What did Philip V do?
Prussian nobility or landed aristocracy
Who are Junkers?
Abolished the Austrian and Bohemian chancelleries and replaced them with departments of foreign affairs, justice, war, commerce, and internal affairs
Who is Maria Theresa?
Divided Russia into 50 provinces, and subdivided into districts whose ruling officials were chosen by nobles
Who is Catherine the Great?
Controlled the supposedly independent land
What did Russia do?
The Battle of Poltava
What battle caused Swedish power to decline?
One of the best educated and most cultured monarchs in the 18th century
Who is Frederick the Great
He carried on his mother’s chief goal of enhancing Habsburg power within the monarchy and Europe· Wanted to sweep away anything standing in the way of reason
Who is Joseph II?
Questioned the institutions of serfdom, torture, and capital punishment, and even advocated the principle of equality of all people in the eyes of the law. Still produced little change
What is Catherine the Great's Instruction Book?
Destroyed Poland
What did Russia, Prussia, and Austria do?
Austria had replaced Spain as the dominant force of Italy
Treaty of Utrecht
Promoted the evolution of Prussia’s Civil bureaucracy by est. General Directory:
Who is Frederick William I?
Abolished serfdom, Gave peasants hereditary rights to their holdings, New penal code, Drastic religious reforms, and Many laws
What are Joseph II's reforms?
Freed all peasants from oppressive taxes and military service.
What is Pugachev’s manifesto?
Russia, Austria, and Prussia
Who were the three great powers?
During his reign, the Catholic church was brought under control when the king banished the Jesuits and circumscribed the activities of the Inquisition (not underlined)
Daily Double: What did Charles III do?
3 major rulers associated with enlightened absolutism
Who were Joseph II, Frederick II, and Catherine the Great?
The only one who sought truly radical changes based on enlightenment ideas
Who is Joseph II?
This still had most power
What is hereditary aristocracy?
Policies were not seriously affected by enlightenment thought (not underlined)
What did Frederick II and Catherine do?
legal reform, religious toleration, and the extension of education (not underlined)
What are enlightened practices?